中国高校科技产业发展瓶颈与对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 17:34

本文选题：高校科技产业 + 发展瓶颈　；参考：《赣南师范学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高等教育事业的蓬勃发展和市场经济体制的不断改革和完善，改革开放以后,中国高校在承担着教学、科研使命的同时,在国家经济快速发展、社会及市场需求日益旺盛的情况下,亦承担起促进科技成果向生产力转化、为社会服务的重大职能。几乎所有的高校均先后创办和发展了一大批科技型企业,积极投身到国民经济建设的主战场。2001年10月，科技部、教育部制定了《关于北京大学、清华大学规范高校科技产业管理体制试点指导意见》,在多数校办企业没有资金投入、没有现成模式的情况下,艰苦奋斗,开拓创新,摸着石头过河一步一个脚印,使高校科技产业获得了长足的发展。至2004年底,全国高校各类型企业4000余家,其中科技型企业占60%,控股上市公司40家,企业净资产达501.89亿元,2004年实现销售收入806.78亿元,利润46.05亿元,上缴国家税金38.48亿元,上交学校支持高校事业8.25亿元,为国家经济建设和高校的发展做出了巨大贡献。但是高校校办产业中存在的一些问题也随之凸显出来，具体表现为校办企业产权关系不明，管理体制不顺，学校行政干预过多，，经营性资本难以自由流动，缺乏投入撤出机制，特别是学校承担了企业的运营风险，影响了学校的主要工作。针对这些问题高校科技产业一方面要深化校办企业改革，另一方面又要充分发挥高校的人才优势，促进科研成果转化，发展高科技产业和推动区域经济的发展就成为高校改革中的一项重大而紧迫的任务。随着经济的发展，企业规模的不断扩大，竞争环境的日益激烈，企业发展所遇到的问题也愈加复杂，而校办企业身处其中，只有解决了现阶段制约中国高校科技产业发展的瓶颈问题，才能高速健康发展。本文将结合高校科技产业的宏观环境和微观环境分析制约中国高校科技产业发展瓶颈的原因，对高校科技产业人员构成，政企权责，成果转化不利因素等方面剖析，提出解决当前中国高校科技产业发展瓶颈应对策略。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of higher education and the continuous reform and perfection of the market economy system, after the reform and opening up, Chinese colleges and universities are undertaking the mission of teaching and scientific research, and at the same time, the national economy is developing rapidly.With the increasing demand of society and market, it also plays an important role in promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces and serving the society.Almost all colleges and universities have successively established and developed a large number of science and technology enterprises, and actively devoted themselves to the main battlefield of national economic construction. In October 2001, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Education formulated the "on Peking University,"The pilot guidance of Tsinghua University in standardizing the Management system of Science and Technology Industry in Colleges and Universities. "in the absence of capital investment and ready-made models for most of the school-run enterprises, they have worked hard, developed and innovated, and crossed the river one step at a time by touching the stone."So that the scientific and technological industry in colleges and universities has achieved considerable development.By the end of 2004, there were more than 4000 enterprises of various types in colleges and universities in China, of which 60 were science and technology enterprises, 40 were holding listed companies, and the net assets of the enterprises amounted to 50.189 billion yuan. In 2004, the sales income was 80.678 billion yuan, the profit was 4.605 billion yuan, and the state tax payment was 3.848 billion yuan.The school supported the cause of university 825 million yuan, for the national economic construction and the development of colleges and universities made great contributions.However, some problems in the school-run industry of colleges and universities are also highlighted, which are manifested in the unclear relationship of property rights of the school-run enterprises, the bad management system, the excessive administrative intervention of schools, the difficulty in the free flow of operating capital, and the lack of a mechanism for the withdrawal of investment.In particular, the school bears the operational risk of the enterprise, affecting the main work of the school.In view of these problems, on the one hand, the scientific and technological industry in colleges and universities should deepen the reform of school-run enterprises, on the other hand, it is necessary to give full play to the talents advantage of colleges and universities and promote the transformation ofDeveloping high-tech industry and promoting the development of regional economy have become an important and urgent task in the reform of colleges and universities.With the development of economy, the continuous expansion of enterprise scale and the increasingly fierce competition environment, the problems encountered in the development of enterprises are becoming more and more complex, and the school-run enterprises are among them.Only by solving the bottleneck problem that restricts the development of science and technology industry in colleges and universities at present, can we develop at high speed and healthily.This paper will analyze the reasons that restrict the development of science and technology industry in Chinese universities by analyzing the macro environment and micro environment of the science and technology industry in colleges and universities, and will analyze the personnel composition of science and technology industry, the power and responsibility of government and enterprises, the unfavorable factors of the transformation of achievements and so on.The countermeasures to solve the bottleneck in the development of science and technology industry in Chinese colleges and universities are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：赣南师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647

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