政府行政权力对高等教育现代化的影响——以南京国民政府高等教育制度现代化问题为中心

发布时间：2018-09-01 05:57

【摘要】：从南京国民政府组织设置的视角来看,直接掌管高等教育的部门——高等教育司为教育部下设机构,教育部隶属于行政院,作为政府行政权力出口的行政院直接掌控教育部。高等教育是在不断的改革中发展、前进的,而每一次的进步都以法律法规形式保留在了档案文本中。仅就《中华民国档案史料汇编.第五辑.第一编.教育.【三】高等教育》所辑录的11项"教育法令"而言,其中即有4项为南京国民政府公布或颁布。换言之,南京国民政府高等教育制度现代化问题,与南京国民政府行政权力对高等教育近代化的影响息息相关。1927—1937年间,以"研究高深学术,养成专门人才"为教育宗旨及其实施方针;学院与学科齐备,"大学分文、理、法、农、工、商、医各学院";大学试验分为"入学试验、临时试验、学期试验、毕业试验"四种。从文本入手,对相应法规条文的内容本身进行探讨,即是政府行政权力在制度层面对高等教育现代化影响程度的解读。南京国民政府所制定了一系列法律法规,有利于高等学校的运作与管理,但这仅仅是在高等教育制度现代化进程中的尝试。
[Abstract]:From the point of view of the setting up of Nanjing National Government Organization, the higher Education Department, the department directly in charge of higher education, is an institution under the Ministry of Education, which is subordinate to the Executive Yuan, and the Executive Yuan, as the exportation of the administrative power of the government, directly controls the Ministry of Education. Higher education develops and advances through continuous reform, and each progress is kept in the form of laws and regulations. Only on the "Republic of China file historical data compilation." Part five. Part I In terms of 11 Education decrees, 4 of them were promulgated or promulgated by the Nanjing National Government. In other words, the modernization of the higher education system of the Nanjing National Government is closely related to the influence of the administrative power of the Nanjing National Government on the modernization of higher education. Cultivating specialized talents is the aim of education and its implementation policy; the colleges and disciplines are well available; the colleges are divided into four types: admission test, temporary test, term test and graduation test. "College money, principle, law, agriculture, industry, business, and medicine" are four kinds of university experiments, which are divided into four categories: admission test, temporary test, term test and graduation test. Starting with the text, this paper probes into the contents of the corresponding regulations, that is, the interpretation of the influence of the administrative power of the government on the modernization of higher education at the institutional level. Nanjing National Government has formulated a series of laws and regulations, which is beneficial to the operation and management of higher education, but this is only an attempt in the process of modernization of higher education system.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨工业大学人文与社会科学学院;
【基金】：黑龙江省教育厅人文社会科学规划项目“区域创新体系建设中的黑龙江省高校发展对策研究”(11554106) 哈尔滨工业大学人文与社会科学“985工程”项目“国民党统治下中国社会现代化的变迁”
【分类号】：K262.9;G649.29

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