培智学校学生体格发育及健康状况分析

发布时间：2019-01-24 13:37

【摘要】：目的:通过对天津市6所培智学校学生的调查,以分析培智学校学生生长发育水平和健康状况。方法:于2004-04整群选择天津市6所培智学校6～22岁,且自愿参与的学生221人为观察对象。其中男138人,女83人。分别检测每位学生的体格发育水平(检测指标有身高、体质量、胸围、维尔维克指数、人体质量指数、坐高指数及艾里斯曼指数)、生理功能(指标有脉搏、收缩压、舒张压、布兰奇心功指数、肺活量及肺活量指数),然后进行抽血化验以测定血液生化水平(血脂谱正常值为:总胆固醇3.5～5.7mmol/L;三酰甘油0.5～1.71mmol/L;高密度脂蛋白胆固醇1.1～1.4mmol/L穴男雪和1.2～1.6mmol/L穴女雪;低密度脂蛋白胆固醇2.3～3.1mmol/L;极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇0.18～0.88mmol/L。贫血采用WHO筛查标准)。按2000年天津学生体质调研数据P5、P25、P75、P95等划分5个等级,分析培智学生在不同等级的构成分布。结果:调查221人全部进入结果分析。①体格发育水平:23.98%的培智学生身高在同龄正常儿童P5以下,而体质量则高于P95,胸围在P95以上者达16.67%,从不同侧面反映体型的维尔维克指数、人体质量指数和艾里斯曼指数高于P95以上者分别为24.43%、26.24%、16.29%、23.53%。②生理功能发育水平:收缩压、舒张压P95以上者占38.29%和14.86%;肺活量位于P5以下者占60.93%,而肺活量指数居P5以下者占66.5%。布兰奇心功能指数P95以上者占30.45%。③血液生化水平:贫血检出率为10.6%,三酰甘油处于偏高水平者达8.2%,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇偏低水平者达34.7%,调查对象中分别有40%和69.8%的人总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇甚至低于正常范围。结论:培智学校学生的体格发育状况较差,存在明显的双峰现象,生理功能水平偏低,脂代谢紊乱也比较多见,应通过健康教育、生活指导和保健措施提高培智学生的体质健康状况。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the level of growth and health of the students in 6 schools in Tianjin. Methods: in April 2004, 221 students aged 22 years from 6 schools in Tianjin were selected for observation. Among them, 138 men and 83 women. The physical development level (height, body mass, chest circumference, Wilwick index, body mass index, sitting height index and Erisman index) and physiological function (pulse, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) were measured respectively. Blanche's heart function index, vital capacity and vital capacity index, and then blood samples were taken to determine the blood biochemical level (the normal value of blood lipid profile: total cholesterol 3.5g 5.7mmol / L; Triacylglycerol was 1.71 mmol / L; high density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.1~1.4mmol/L) and 1.2~1.6mmol/L (female snow); low density lipoprotein cholesterol (2.3mmol / L); Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol 0.18 ~ 0.88 mmol / L. WHO screening criteria were used for anemia. According to the survey data of Tianjin students' physique in 2000, P5, P25 and P75P95 were divided into 5 grades, and the composition and distribution of the students with intellectual ability in different grades were analyzed. Results: all 221 subjects were involved in the result analysis. 1 physical development level: 23.98% of the students with mental retardation were below P5 of the same age, but the body weight was higher than P95, and 16.67% of them had a chest circumference above P95. The Wilwick index, body mass index and Erisman index, which reflect the body shape from different sides, were 24.4326.24 and 16.293.53.2 physiological function development level: systolic blood pressure, respectively. The percentage of diastolic blood pressure above P95 was 38.29% and 14.86% respectively. The vital capacity below P _ 5 was 60.93% and the vital capacity index below P _ 5 was 66.5%. The blood biochemical level was 30.45.3 in patients with Branch heart function index above P95. The prevalence of anemia was 10.6, that of triglyceride was 8.2, and that of HDL-C was 34.7. Total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in 40% and 69.8% of the subjects were even lower than normal range. Conclusion: the physical development of the students in the school is poor, there are obvious bimodal phenomena, the level of physiological function is on the low side, and the disorder of lipid metabolism is more common, so health education should be adopted. Life guidance and health care measures to improve the physical and health status of mentally retarded students.
【作者单位】：北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所天津医科大学公共卫生学院儿童青少年卫生系北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展规划课题(2001CB510310) 2003年高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20030001043)~~
【分类号】：G763

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