新中国小学美术课程内容流变研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 07:25

本文关键词： 新中国小学美术课程内容流变　出处：《聊城大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着新一轮基础教育课程改革的进一步深化,美育也日益备受重视。美术课是小学教育阶段的必修课程,是对小学生进行美育的重要途径,美术课程内容的选择直接影响小学生美育的效果。新中国成立以来先后进行了八次基础教育课程改革,中小学美术课程的内容也随着基础教育改革而不断地发生着流变。梳理新中国成立以来小学美术课程内容的流变情况,总结出其中的规律性,对深刻认识小学美术课程的选择规律,制定美术课程内容的选择原则,具有重要的意义。本研究以新中国成立以来小学美术课程内容为研究对象,以新中国成立以来国家所颁布小学美术课程标准(教学大纲)为基本材料,佐以教育史、美术课程与教学论等,采用历史研究、文献研究以及比较研究等方法,详细考察和研究新中国小学美术课程内容的历史流变过程,概括出不同历史阶段小学美术课程内容的特点,总结出课程流变规律性,提出了对未来课程内容选择的启示。概括本课题,得出以下主要结论:通过对国家颁布的小学美术课程标准(教学大纲)中课程内容(课程知识量和内容选择性)的发展变化历程,总结发现自1949年新中国成立至2014年,小学美术课程内容的发展呈现出明显的阶段性特征:1949~1965年表现出以绘画内容为主的图画期特征;1966~1976年表现出以大字画内容为主的革命文艺期特征;1977~1987年表现出以美术专业为主的学科本位期特征;1988~1999年表现出以基础知识和基本技能内容为主的双基教育期特征;2000~2014年表现出以素质教育为主的课程改革期特征。基于此,提出以下对我国小学美术课程内容变革的启示:小学美术课程内容的选择要关注地区差异,分类设置课程;内容现代化应与小学生认知水平和接受能力、教师的教学水平相适应;小学美术课程内容要与我国小学教育实际相结合。论文研究的不足:部分研究史料的残缺和文献资料搜集来源有限给本文研究带来一定的局限性,加之本人研究功底有限,对国家课程标准(教学大纲)的特点研究不够精湛。本论文研究的意义:通过对新中国小学美术课程内容流变特点与发展规律的剖析,为今后小学美术课程内容能够建立在更加合理的基础上提供理论反思,以期充分发挥小学美术课程内容应有的育人作用。论文的创新点:通过对新中国成立后国家颁布的小学美术课程标准(教学大纲)的比较研究,并根据美术教育自身发展的规律和小学教育与整个教育以及社会大环境的关系,对新中国小学美术课程内容的历史发展进行了合理分期,总结了不同历史阶段小学美术课程内容发展流变的规律,并对此作出几点启示。
[Abstract]:With the further deepening of the new round of basic education curriculum reform, aesthetic education has been paid more and more attention. Art course is a compulsory course in primary education and an important way to carry out aesthetic education for primary school students. The choice of art curriculum content directly affects the effect of aesthetic education for primary school students. Since the founding of New China, eight basic education curriculum reforms have been carried out. The content of the art curriculum in primary and secondary schools is also constantly changing with the reform of basic education. Combing the evolution of the content of the art curriculum in primary schools since the founding of New China, we summed up the regularity among them. It is of great significance to have a deep understanding of the rules of art curriculum selection in primary schools and to formulate the principles of selecting art curriculum contents. This study takes the art curriculum content of primary schools since the founding of New China as the object of study. Taking the art curriculum standards (syllabus) of primary schools promulgated by the state since the founding of New China as the basic material, accompanied by the history of education, the art curriculum and the theory of teaching, the methods of historical research, literature study and comparative study are adopted. To investigate and study in detail the historical evolution process of the art curriculum content in primary schools in New China, to generalize the characteristics of the art curriculum contents in primary schools at different historical stages, and to sum up the rules of curriculum evolution. The enlightenment to the future course content selection is put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: through the course of the development and change of the curriculum content (quantity and content selectivity) of the art curriculum standard (syllabus) issued by the State, the author summarizes and finds out that from the founding of New China in 1949 to 2014, The development of art curriculum content in primary school shows obvious stage characteristics: from 1949 to 1965, it shows the characteristics of drawing period, which is mainly painting content. From 1966 to 1976, it shows the characteristics of revolutionary literary period dominated by large calligraphy and painting content. From 1977 to 1987, it showed that it was specialized in fine arts. The characteristics of the subject-oriented period from 1988 to 1999 show that the basic knowledge and basic skills are the main features of the double-base education period. From 2000 to 2014, it shows the characteristics of the curriculum reform period in which the quality education is the main part. This paper puts forward the following enlightenment to the reform of the art curriculum content in primary schools in China: the choice of the art curriculum content in primary schools should pay attention to the regional differences, and the content modernization should be related to the cognitive level and acceptance ability of primary school students. The content of art curriculum in primary school should be combined with the reality of primary education in our country. The deficiency of the thesis: the incomplete of some historical materials and the limited sources of literature collection bring some limitations to this study. In addition, my research foundation is limited, and the characteristics of the national curriculum standard (syllabus) are not very consummate. The significance of this paper: through the analysis of the evolution characteristics and development rules of the fine arts curriculum content in the elementary school of New China, To provide theoretical reflection on the content of art courses in primary schools in the future, which can be established on a more reasonable basis. In order to give full play to the role of educating people due to the content of the art curriculum in primary schools. The innovation of the paper: through the comparative study of the curriculum standards (syllabus) of primary school art issued by the country after the founding of New China, According to the law of the development of art education itself and the relationship between primary school education and the whole education and the social environment, the historical development of the art curriculum content of the elementary school in New China is divided into stages reasonably. This paper sums up the law of the development and evolution of the art curriculum content in primary schools at different historical stages, and makes some enlightenments to it.
【学位授予单位】：聊城大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.75

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