朝鲜族小学数学问题解决能力的现状调查研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 21:23

本文选题：小学数学 + 数学问题　；参考：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在信息化的现代社会,21世纪劳动者将是能够适应新变化以及善于接纳新思想的人。因此,在我们周围的信息中汲取有用的数据,整理数据、分析关系,并得出有用的结论是现代人必不可少的、必须具备的一种能力。问题解决能力的培养符合现今这个时代的需求。许多国家都将培养学生的问题解决能力作为重要的课程目标,我国也从2001年颁布的《基础教育课程纲要》和《数学课程标准》(2011版)中对问题解决的能力提出要求,并强调其重要性。本研究将对延边地区某朝鲜族小学6年级学生的问题解决能力的现状进行调查,分析结果,并对其结果进行原因分析,最后提出培养朝鲜族小学6年级学生问题解决能力的教学策略。本研究通过问卷调查、访谈、案例分析法,调查延吉市某所朝鲜族小学6年级学生的问题解决能力的现状,得出如下结果:在实际情境中,学生难以自觉地将实际问题转化成数学问题;对数学知识的背景了解不够,缺乏对知识由来过程的理解;难以自觉地把自己已有的数学知识与经验综合运用到解决实际问题中,只能机械地解决常规的数学问题,当把这些数学问题放在新的情境当中时,却难以联系常规问题的解题策略和办法。综合以上调查结果,本文对小学生数学问题解决能力薄弱的原因分析为以下几个方面:学生的阅读能力、理解能力差,影响问题表征能力;问题的目标意识淡薄,影响解题策略的形成;基础知识掌握得不牢固,影响解题计划的制定;没把握好数学解题步骤,影响反思评价的能力。针对以上调查结果,提出如下教学策略:(1)锻炼学生用数学角度看生活,培养学生提取、概括信息的能力。(2)加强情境教学,培养学生顺利表征、查找数量关系,从而解决问题的能力。(3)开展多种形式的学习活动,培养学生形成解题策略、预设和制定解题方案的能力。(4)提倡问题解决策略的多样化,培养学生反思、检验与评价的水平。(5)构建适合学生的新的问题解决教学模式,培养学生解决问题的能力。
[Abstract]:In the modern information society, workers will be able to adapt to new changes and accept new ideas.Therefore, drawing useful data from the information around us, collating data, analyzing relationships, and drawing useful conclusions is an essential and necessary ability of modern people.The cultivation of problem-solving ability is in line with the needs of the present age.Many countries regard cultivating students' problem-solving ability as an important curriculum goal, and our country also demands the ability of problem-solving from the basic Education Curriculum outline and the Mathematics Curriculum Standard 2011.And stressed its importance.This study will investigate the present situation of the sixth grade students' problem-solving ability in a Korean elementary school in Yanbian area, analyze the results, and analyze the causes of the results.Finally, it puts forward the teaching strategy of cultivating the sixth grade students' problem solving ability in Korean elementary school.Through questionnaire investigation, interview and case analysis, this study investigates the present situation of the sixth grade students' problem-solving ability in a Korean elementary school in Yanji city. The results are as follows: in the actual situation,It is difficult for students to consciously transform practical problems into mathematical problems; lack understanding of the background of mathematical knowledge and understanding of the origin of knowledge; and consciously apply their existing mathematical knowledge and experience to solve practical problems.Conventional mathematical problems can only be solved mechanically, but when these mathematical problems are placed in new situations, it is difficult to contact the strategies and methods of solving conventional problems.Synthesizing the above investigation results, this paper analyzes the reasons for the weakness of pupils' mathematical problem-solving ability in the following aspects: students' reading ability, poor understanding ability, influencing problem representation ability, weak goal awareness of the problem,It affects the formation of problem-solving strategies, the weak mastery of basic knowledge and the formulation of problem-solving plans, and the failure to grasp the steps of mathematical problem-solving and the ability to reflect and evaluate.In view of the above investigation results, the following teaching strategy: 1) to train students to look at life from a mathematical point of view, to cultivate students' ability to extract and generalize information, to strengthen situational teaching, to train students to represent smoothly, and to find out the relationship between quantity and quantity, is put forward as follows.Thus the ability to solve problems. 3) develop various forms of learning activities, train students to form problem-solving strategies, design and formulate problem-solving strategies. 4) promote diversification of problem-solving strategies and cultivate students to reflect on them.The level of test and evaluation. 5) construct a new teaching model of problem-solving suitable for students, and train students' ability of problem-solving.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5

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