台湾地区国民小学特色学校发展研究

发布时间：2018-10-13 19:24

【摘要】：近年来,我国台湾地区的人口少子化趋势日益显著。在教育方面,首当其冲的就是义务教育阶段的国民小学。一方面,各县市国民小学新生入学人数普遍递减,部分学校出现空余教室过剩及校园空间荒芜等问题。另一方面,为因应入学人口的减少并节省教育经费,台湾教育部门采取了裁并和废校的措施,这使得偏远地区的“迷你小学”面临生源减少和被裁撤的双重危机。为了应对学校生存危机,并响应台湾《教育政策白皮书》中提出的“深度认识台湾、走读台湾乡镇、发展学校特色”的理念,台湾教育部门于2007年正式提出了《推动国民中小学活化校园空间与发展特色学校实施计划》,旨在活化利用闲置校舍和校园空间,发挥校园空间的多样性教育价值；并通过结合地区性特色环境、产业文化、自然生态、人文遗产等资源,规划发展结合当地特色的特色课程,开展特色游学活动,逐步发展为特色学校。本研究试图理清我国台湾地区特色学校发展计划提出的背景,分析和总结各个国民小学在发展特色学校过程中采取的主要策略,了解目前台湾地区国民小学特色学校发展现状和面临的困境并进行反思。最后,通过研究台湾地区国民小学特色学校的发展情况,对大陆地区偏远农村小学的特色发展提供有益借鉴。全文共分为五个部分：论文第一部分为绪论,主要介绍本文的选题缘由、采用的研究方法以及研究目的与意义,并对文章涉及到的核心概念进行界定,阐述相关文献综述和特色学校发展的理论基础。第二部分为台湾地区国民小学特色学校发展的背景,分别论述了特色学校发展计划提出的社会背景和特色学校发展计划的提出和实施情况。第三部分为台湾地区国民小学在发展特色学校过程中采取的主要策略,分别从校园空间活化、开发特色校本课程和开展特色游学活动三个方面展开论述。第四部分主要对目前台湾地区国民小学在发展特色学校过程中面临的困境进行了论述,并进行了反思和总结。第五部分论述了台湾地区国民小学特色学校发展对大陆地区偏远农村小学特色发展的启示。总结而言,本文关注的是我国台湾地区的特色学校发展计划,研究着力点在于该计划提出的背景、实施现状、困境与反思,并着重分析特色学校在生成本校特色过程中采取的策略,以期对大陆偏远农村小学的发展提供有益借鉴。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the trend of minority population in Taiwan is becoming more and more obvious. In the education aspect, bear the brunt is compulsory education stage national primary school. On the one hand, the number of freshmen enrolled in national primary schools in various counties and cities is generally decreasing, and some schools have some problems such as surplus spare classrooms and desolation of campus space. On the other hand, in order to reduce the number of students and save money on education, Taiwan's education department has adopted measures to cut and abolish schools, which makes "mini-primary schools" in remote areas face a double crisis of reducing the number of students and being abolished. In order to cope with the school survival crisis and respond to the concept of "deeply understanding Taiwan, going to Taiwan's villages and towns, and developing school characteristics" put forward in Taiwan's "White Paper on Education Policy", In 2007, the Taiwan Education Department formally put forward the implementation Plan of promoting the National Primary and Middle Schools to activate Campus Space and develop characteristic Schools, which aims at activating the utilization of idle school buildings and campus space and giving play to the diversity educational value of campus space. And through the combination of regional characteristic environment, industrial culture, natural ecology, human heritage and other resources, planning and development of local characteristics of the characteristics of curriculum development, the development of characteristic study activities, gradually develop into characteristic schools. This study attempts to clarify the background of the development plan of characteristic schools in Taiwan, and to analyze and summarize the main strategies adopted by each national primary school in the process of developing characteristic schools. To understand the current situation and difficulties of the development of characteristic primary schools in Taiwan and to reflect on them. Finally, by studying the development of characteristic primary schools in Taiwan, this paper provides a useful reference for the characteristic development of rural primary schools in the remote areas of mainland China. The paper is divided into five parts: the first part of the paper is the introduction, mainly introduces the reason of the topic, the research methods, the purpose and significance of the research, and defines the core concepts involved in the article. This paper expounds the relevant literature review and the theoretical basis for the development of characteristic schools. The second part is the background of the development of characteristic primary schools in Taiwan area. It discusses the social background of the development plan of characteristic schools and the situation and implementation of the development plan of characteristic schools. The third part is the main strategies adopted by the National Primary School in Taiwan in the process of developing characteristic schools, which are discussed from three aspects: the activation of campus space, the development of characteristic school-based curriculum and the development of characteristic travel activities. The fourth part mainly discusses the difficulties faced by Taiwan National Primary School in the process of developing characteristic schools, and makes a reflection and summary. The fifth part discusses the enlightenment of the development of characteristic primary schools in Taiwan to the characteristic development of rural primary schools in mainland China. In conclusion, this paper focuses on the characteristic school development plan in Taiwan. The research focus is on the background, implementation status, predicament and reflection of the plan. This paper also analyzes the strategies adopted by characteristic schools in the process of forming their own characteristics in order to provide useful reference for the development of rural primary schools in remote areas in mainland China.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G629.2

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