低年级小学生体育课堂管理问题研究
发布时间：2018-10-14 12:20
【摘要】：体育课堂管理是学校体育教学活动的重要构成部分,体育课堂管理效果的好与坏,不仅对课堂教学活动的效率有直接的影响,而且也会影响学生的身心健康发展。从现实研究来看,国内关于低年级小学生体育课堂管理的研究比较缺乏,大多数的研究都是借鉴前人的经验,仍然停留在传统的以控制为主的管理阶段,没有形成科学实用的体育课堂管理方法。因此,本文的研究旨在为小学低年级体育教师更好的进行课堂管理,实现有效教学提供实践方法指导。本文采用了文献资料法、问卷调查法、行动研究法、观察法探索低年级小学生体育课堂管理的理论与实用方法。本文对低年级小学生体育课堂管理的目标、意义、原则等方面进行了论述,通过对小学低年级体育教师进行问卷调查,对低年级体育课堂进行观察,了解小学低年级体育课堂管理的现状,主要对小学低年级体育课堂管理的类型、内容、方法、特点、存在的问题以及小学生体育课堂问题行为等方面进行了分析与研究,构建了低年级小学生体育课堂管理实用方法,并通过行动研究实践证明方法的可行性与有效性,为帮助小学低年级体育教师更好的进行体育课堂管理提供实践方法指导。本文的研究结论如下:第一,通过现状调查,可以看出,低年级小学生体育课堂管理类型主要有民主型和专制型两大类,民主型的教师略多于专制型。管理内容上,大部分教师忽视了对学生课堂认知与行为习惯的培养以及对“特殊”学生的管理。管理的特点是,课堂管理以教师为主导,学生自我管理较少;在管理目标上注重课堂纪律的维持与学生技能的掌握;在管理行为上注重纠正学生的课堂问题行为。课堂管理存在的问题主要是管理目标设置不明确,管理内容不全面,管理方法较单一。第二,通过三个阶段的行动研究实践及课堂观察,证明“低年级小学生体育课堂管理实用方法”能够有效地帮助小学低年级体育教师进行课堂管理,提高体育课有效教学。但是,行动研究方案的设计缺乏具体的方法运用,在设计中没有考虑到不同种类的方法与课堂教学内容的结合,以及在不同教学环节中的应用与实施,也忽视了低年级小学生的学习兴趣与学习动机。第三,针对低年级小学生体育课堂管理存在的问题,以及行动研究的结果,提出了低年级小学生体育课堂管理的策略:(1)管理过程中要采用一些实用的管理方法;(2)积极培养学生正确的课堂认知与良好的行为习惯;(3)教师要正确处理好体育课“动”与“静”的关系;(4)要加强对“特殊”学生的教育与管理。
[Abstract]:Physical education classroom management is an important part of school physical education teaching activities. The good and bad effects of physical education classroom management not only have a direct impact on the efficiency of classroom teaching activities, but also affect the development of students' physical and mental health. From the point of view of reality, there is a lack of research on physical education classroom management of junior primary school students in our country. Most of the studies are based on the experience of predecessors, and still stay in the traditional management stage, which is dominated by control. There is no scientific and practical method of PE classroom management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide practical guidance for the lower grade PE teachers to better carry out classroom management and realize effective teaching. In this paper, the methods of literature, questionnaire, action research and observation are used to explore the theory and practical methods of physical education classroom management for junior primary school students. In this paper, the goal, significance and principle of PE classroom management of junior primary school students are discussed. Through the questionnaire survey of the PE teachers in the lower grade of primary school, the author observes the PE classroom in the lower grade. To understand the present situation of physical education classroom management in the lower grade of primary school, this paper mainly analyzes and studies the types, contents, methods, characteristics, existing problems and the behavior of the elementary school students' physical education classroom problems, etc. The practical method of physical education classroom management for junior primary school students is constructed, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the method are proved through the practice of action research, which provides practical guidance for the help of physical education teachers in the lower grade of primary school to better carry out physical education classroom management. The conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, through the investigation of the present situation, we can see that there are two main types of PE classroom management in junior primary school students: democracy and autocracy, and democratic teachers are a little more than autocratic. In terms of management content, most teachers neglect the cultivation of students' classroom cognition and behavior habits, as well as the management of "special" students. The characteristics of management are that classroom management is dominated by teachers and students have less self-management; they pay attention to the maintenance of classroom discipline and the mastery of students' skills in the management goal; pay attention to correcting students' classroom problem behavior in management behavior. The main problems of classroom management are that the management objective is not clear, the management content is not comprehensive, and the management method is single. Secondly, through the practice of three stages of action research and classroom observation, it is proved that the practical method of physical education classroom management in the lower grade pupils can effectively help the PE teachers in the lower grade to carry out classroom management and improve the effective teaching of physical education. However, the design of action research programs lacks of specific methods, and does not take into account the combination of different kinds of methods and classroom teaching contents, as well as the application and implementation in different teaching links. It also ignores the learning interest and motivation of the lower grade pupils. Third, aiming at the problems existing in the management of physical education classroom for junior primary school students, as well as the results of the action research, The strategies of PE classroom management for junior primary school students are put forward: (1) some practical management methods should be adopted in the management process; (2) students' correct classroom cognition and good behavior habits should be actively cultivated; (3) teachers should deal with PE class correctly. (4) to strengthen the education and management of "special" students.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8
本文编号：2270433
[Abstract]:Physical education classroom management is an important part of school physical education teaching activities. The good and bad effects of physical education classroom management not only have a direct impact on the efficiency of classroom teaching activities, but also affect the development of students' physical and mental health. From the point of view of reality, there is a lack of research on physical education classroom management of junior primary school students in our country. Most of the studies are based on the experience of predecessors, and still stay in the traditional management stage, which is dominated by control. There is no scientific and practical method of PE classroom management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide practical guidance for the lower grade PE teachers to better carry out classroom management and realize effective teaching. In this paper, the methods of literature, questionnaire, action research and observation are used to explore the theory and practical methods of physical education classroom management for junior primary school students. In this paper, the goal, significance and principle of PE classroom management of junior primary school students are discussed. Through the questionnaire survey of the PE teachers in the lower grade of primary school, the author observes the PE classroom in the lower grade. To understand the present situation of physical education classroom management in the lower grade of primary school, this paper mainly analyzes and studies the types, contents, methods, characteristics, existing problems and the behavior of the elementary school students' physical education classroom problems, etc. The practical method of physical education classroom management for junior primary school students is constructed, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the method are proved through the practice of action research, which provides practical guidance for the help of physical education teachers in the lower grade of primary school to better carry out physical education classroom management. The conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, through the investigation of the present situation, we can see that there are two main types of PE classroom management in junior primary school students: democracy and autocracy, and democratic teachers are a little more than autocratic. In terms of management content, most teachers neglect the cultivation of students' classroom cognition and behavior habits, as well as the management of "special" students. The characteristics of management are that classroom management is dominated by teachers and students have less self-management; they pay attention to the maintenance of classroom discipline and the mastery of students' skills in the management goal; pay attention to correcting students' classroom problem behavior in management behavior. The main problems of classroom management are that the management objective is not clear, the management content is not comprehensive, and the management method is single. Secondly, through the practice of three stages of action research and classroom observation, it is proved that the practical method of physical education classroom management in the lower grade pupils can effectively help the PE teachers in the lower grade to carry out classroom management and improve the effective teaching of physical education. However, the design of action research programs lacks of specific methods, and does not take into account the combination of different kinds of methods and classroom teaching contents, as well as the application and implementation in different teaching links. It also ignores the learning interest and motivation of the lower grade pupils. Third, aiming at the problems existing in the management of physical education classroom for junior primary school students, as well as the results of the action research, The strategies of PE classroom management for junior primary school students are put forward: (1) some practical management methods should be adopted in the management process; (2) students' correct classroom cognition and good behavior habits should be actively cultivated; (3) teachers should deal with PE class correctly. (4) to strengthen the education and management of "special" students.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.8
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