低年级学生语文课堂专注力的研究及培养策略
发布时间：2019-01-22 14:09
【摘要】：良好的专注力在小学低年级的语文学习的过程中是十分必要的,它同时也是提高语文课堂有效性的重要途径。论文借鉴相关的理论研究成果,结合自身多年的教学经验和低年级语文教学的实际,从语文的学科特点、学生的气质类型入手,具体分析了低年级学生语文课堂学习专注力的现状及影响语文专注力的因素,分别从理论和实践层面提出了低年级学生专注力的培养的一般策略,而且强调针对气质类型不同学生的特点采取特殊的培养策略。绪论部分介绍了本文的研究缘由及意义、研究方法,梳理了既往的语文课堂专注力培养的研究成果。第一章分析了低年级学生语文课堂专注力的现状。通过问卷调查和访谈发现了低年级学生语文课堂专注力的特点:学生专注力保持时间短;学生无意注意起关键作用;学生的专注范围十分有限;低年级学生的专注力带有明显的情绪色彩。接着分析了影响学生语文课堂专注力内部因素:气质类型对低年级学生语文课堂专注力的影响;思维水平对低年级学生语文课堂专注力的影响;学生的语文学习意志力对低年级学生语文课堂专注力的影响;学生的语文课堂学习的兴趣对低年级学生专注力的影响;情绪对低年级学生语文课堂专注力的影响;病理方面的因素对低年级学生语文课堂专注力的影响。最后分析了影响学生课堂专注力的外部因素:课堂环境影响;教师因素影响;作业;师生关系;家庭环境影响;社会因素影响等。第二章从不同角度提出了培养低年级学生语文课堂专注力的普遍策略:一、做好语文课前准备,引导学生的专注力;二、建立良好课堂秩序,保持学生的专注力;三、运用丰富的语文教学方法,如多媒体渗透法、竞赛法、表扬引导法、榜样示范法、强化行动法,吸引学生的课堂专注力;五、提倡劳逸结合,优化学生的专注力,比如在课堂中穿插游戏、儿歌、专注力手操等活动;六、运用激励性评价,激发学生的专注力。语文教师及时有效的使用评价性激励语言会对低年级的学生产生巨大的鼓励作用进而提高学生语文课堂的专注力。第三章针对不同气质的学生的心理以及认知特点提出兼具理论性和实践性的培养策略。这部分结合莱山区实验小学低年级学生的调查问卷、学生家长的问卷调查以及低年级语文教师的教学案例。强调有针对性地结合学生的年龄、心理特点,采用多种不同的有效策略培养学生的专注力,从理论和实践两个层面证实了语文教学对专注力培养的重要意义及可行性。
[Abstract]:Good concentration is very necessary in the process of Chinese learning in the lower grade of primary school, and it is also an important way to improve the effectiveness of Chinese class. This paper draws lessons from the relevant theoretical research results, combines its own teaching experience for many years and the reality of Chinese teaching in the lower grade, starting with the characteristics of the subject of Chinese, the types of temperament of the students. This paper analyzes on the present situation of the Chinese classroom learning ability of the junior students and the factors that affect it, and puts forward the general strategies for the cultivation of the students' attention ability from the theoretical and practical aspects, respectively. Moreover, the special training strategy should be adopted according to the characteristics of students with different temperament types. The introduction part introduces the research reason and significance of this paper, the research method, combs the past Chinese classroom attention cultivation research achievement. The first chapter analyzes the current situation of Chinese classroom concentration of junior students. Through questionnaires and interviews, the author finds out the characteristics of the students' attention ability in Chinese classroom: the students' concentration is short, the students' unintentional attention plays a key role, the scope of students' concentration is very limited; The attention of the lower grade students has obvious emotional color. Then it analyzes the internal factors that influence the students' Chinese classroom concentration: the influence of temperament type on the Chinese classroom concentration, the influence of thinking level on the Chinese classroom concentration of the lower grade students; The influence of students' Chinese learning willpower on the Chinese classroom concentration of the junior students, the influence of the students' interest in the Chinese classroom study on the junior students' attention ability, the influence of emotion on the Chinese classroom concentration of the lower grade students; The influence of pathological factors on Chinese classroom concentration of junior students. Finally, the author analyzes the external factors that affect the students' classroom concentration: classroom environment; teachers' factors; homework; teacher-student relationship; family environment; social factors. The second chapter puts forward the general strategies of cultivating the Chinese classroom concentration of the junior students from different angles: first, to prepare well before the Chinese class, to guide the students' attention, second, to establish the good classroom order and to keep the students' attention; Third, the use of rich Chinese teaching methods, such as multimedia infiltration, competition, praise and guidance, model law, to strengthen the law of action to attract students to focus in the classroom; Fifth, promote the combination of labor and rest, optimize students' attention, such as in the classroom interspersed with games, children's songs, attention hand exercises and other activities; sixthly, use incentive evaluation to stimulate students' attention. Chinese teachers' timely and effective use of evaluative motivational language will have a great encouraging effect on students in the lower grades and then improve the students' Chinese classroom concentration. The third chapter puts forward both theoretical and practical training strategies for students with different temperament. This part combines with the questionnaire of the junior students in Laishan Experimental Primary School, the questionnaire of the parents of the students and the teaching cases of the Chinese teachers in the lower grade. Combining the age and psychological characteristics of students with different effective strategies to cultivate students' attention ability, this paper proves the significance and feasibility of Chinese teaching on the cultivation of attention ability from the two aspects of theory and practice.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.2
本文编号：2413286
[Abstract]:Good concentration is very necessary in the process of Chinese learning in the lower grade of primary school, and it is also an important way to improve the effectiveness of Chinese class. This paper draws lessons from the relevant theoretical research results, combines its own teaching experience for many years and the reality of Chinese teaching in the lower grade, starting with the characteristics of the subject of Chinese, the types of temperament of the students. This paper analyzes on the present situation of the Chinese classroom learning ability of the junior students and the factors that affect it, and puts forward the general strategies for the cultivation of the students' attention ability from the theoretical and practical aspects, respectively. Moreover, the special training strategy should be adopted according to the characteristics of students with different temperament types. The introduction part introduces the research reason and significance of this paper, the research method, combs the past Chinese classroom attention cultivation research achievement. The first chapter analyzes the current situation of Chinese classroom concentration of junior students. Through questionnaires and interviews, the author finds out the characteristics of the students' attention ability in Chinese classroom: the students' concentration is short, the students' unintentional attention plays a key role, the scope of students' concentration is very limited; The attention of the lower grade students has obvious emotional color. Then it analyzes the internal factors that influence the students' Chinese classroom concentration: the influence of temperament type on the Chinese classroom concentration, the influence of thinking level on the Chinese classroom concentration of the lower grade students; The influence of students' Chinese learning willpower on the Chinese classroom concentration of the junior students, the influence of the students' interest in the Chinese classroom study on the junior students' attention ability, the influence of emotion on the Chinese classroom concentration of the lower grade students; The influence of pathological factors on Chinese classroom concentration of junior students. Finally, the author analyzes the external factors that affect the students' classroom concentration: classroom environment; teachers' factors; homework; teacher-student relationship; family environment; social factors. The second chapter puts forward the general strategies of cultivating the Chinese classroom concentration of the junior students from different angles: first, to prepare well before the Chinese class, to guide the students' attention, second, to establish the good classroom order and to keep the students' attention; Third, the use of rich Chinese teaching methods, such as multimedia infiltration, competition, praise and guidance, model law, to strengthen the law of action to attract students to focus in the classroom; Fifth, promote the combination of labor and rest, optimize students' attention, such as in the classroom interspersed with games, children's songs, attention hand exercises and other activities; sixthly, use incentive evaluation to stimulate students' attention. Chinese teachers' timely and effective use of evaluative motivational language will have a great encouraging effect on students in the lower grades and then improve the students' Chinese classroom concentration. The third chapter puts forward both theoretical and practical training strategies for students with different temperament. This part combines with the questionnaire of the junior students in Laishan Experimental Primary School, the questionnaire of the parents of the students and the teaching cases of the Chinese teachers in the lower grade. Combining the age and psychological characteristics of students with different effective strategies to cultivate students' attention ability, this paper proves the significance and feasibility of Chinese teaching on the cultivation of attention ability from the two aspects of theory and practice.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G623.2
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