基于首要教学原理小学数学“圆”的教学设计研究

发布时间：2019-01-22 19:46

【摘要】：良好的数学教学设计能够提升数学教学的科学性和有效性。目前,虽然教学设计引起了教学理论专家和一线教师的重视,取得了多项成果,但是教师的教学设计能力与理论的发展存在不均衡的问题。小学数学教师在教学目标、教学过程和教学评价等方面存在误区,严重影响数学教学的有效性。美国当代著名教学技术与理论专家戴维·梅里尔(M.David Merrill)于2001年提出的首要教学原理(又称“五星教学模式”),主要探讨教学如何能更好的促进学习。首要教学原理以聚焦问题为中心,包括激活旧知、示证新知、应用新知和融汇贯通四个阶段,共同构成教学循环圈。本研究旨在将首要教学原理引用到小学数学教学设计之中,以期提高数学教师的教学设计能力,.进而提升小学数学教学的有效性。本研究主要采用文献研究法、调查法和观察法。通过文献研究法,阐述了首要教学原理的内涵,详细论证了首要教学原理的五大原理及十五条推论。研究依据首要教学原理的特征,确立了小学数学教学设计的基本框架,同时选取义务教科书苏教版五年级下册《圆》进行单元教学设计并实施。教学设计的主要流程包括从教材和课程标准的角度分析教学内容,对学生进行相关知识的前期测试,基于首要教学原理,从教学目标、教学过程和教学评价三方面进行单元教学设计。根据实施的结果,基于首要教学原理的小学数学教学能够深化学生对知识的理解、发展学生的数学思考、培养学生问题解决的能力、学生课堂满意度高。同时笔者对首要教学原理下小学数学教学设计的不足之处进行了反思,并提出改进建议。
[Abstract]:Good mathematics teaching design can improve the science and effectiveness of mathematics teaching. At present, although the teaching design has attracted the attention of the teaching theory experts and the first-line teachers, and has obtained many achievements, the teachers' teaching design ability and the development of the theory are not balanced. Primary school mathematics teachers have some misunderstandings in teaching objectives, teaching process and teaching evaluation, which seriously affect the effectiveness of mathematics teaching. In 2001, M.David Merrill, a famous American expert in teaching technology and theory, put forward the primary teaching principle (also called "five-star teaching model"), which mainly discusses how teaching can better promote learning. The primary teaching principle is focused on the problem, including activating the old knowledge, demonstrating the new knowledge, applying the new knowledge and integrating the four stages, which constitute the teaching circle together. The purpose of this study is to apply the primary teaching principles to the primary school mathematics teaching design, in order to improve the mathematics teachers' teaching design ability. And then improve the effectiveness of mathematics teaching in primary schools. This research mainly uses the literature research method, the investigation method and the observation method. In this paper, the connotation of the principal teaching principle is expounded, and the five major principles and 15 inferences of the primary teaching principle are demonstrated in detail. According to the characteristics of primary teaching principle, this paper establishes the basic frame of mathematics teaching design in primary school, and selects the lower volume of the fifth grade of the compulsory textbook "Su Education Edition" to carry out the unit teaching design and implementation. The main process of teaching design includes analyzing the teaching content from the angle of teaching material and curriculum standard, carrying on the preliminary test of the relevant knowledge to the students, based on the primary teaching principle, from the teaching goal, The unit teaching design is carried out in three aspects: teaching process and teaching evaluation. According to the implementation results, the primary school mathematics teaching based on the primary teaching principle can deepen students' understanding of knowledge, develop students' mathematical thinking, cultivate students' ability to solve problems, and improve students' satisfaction in class. At the same time, the author reflects on the deficiency of primary school mathematics teaching design under the primary teaching principle, and puts forward some suggestions for improvement.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5

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