《中庸》中的德育思想及其当代价值

发布时间：2018-06-08 06:34

本文选题：《中庸》 + “中和”　；参考：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：《中庸》作为儒家经典之一,包含了丰富的德育思想。在德育目标、德育内容、德育方法等方面对于当今德育工作都具有重要的启发意义。在德育目标上,《中庸》从“至诚”和“致中和”两个方面展开,“至诚”真诚诚实之义,“致中和”社会和谐之义。“至诚”是《中庸》对人们道德修养的一种不懈追求,“致中和”是儒家对“天人合一”的一种追求,是万事万物的一种和谐状态。“至诚”是“致中和”的前提,“至诚”、“致中和”的共同追求是“天人合一”。在德育内容上,《中庸》阐述了君子修身的“三达德”即智仁勇,以及如何在人际关系中做好个人修养的“五达道”和君子治理国家的“九经”;在德育方法上,《中庸》中主要涉及了从实际出发,知行合一,以及至诚无妄三方面。从实际出发包括:素其位而行,从小事做起,无过无不及;知行合一包括:学行统一,行而不倦;至诚无妄包括:慎独内省、忠恕宽容、成己成物、尊德性而道问学。《中庸》德育思想的现代意义及其反思包括:从对社会道德建设的意义上说,修身有利于提高当前人们思想道德素质,中和有利于构建和谐社会,自强不息的民族精神在今天有利于增强民族凝聚力;从对学校德育的积极意义来说,目前德育工作还是存在一定问题,德育观念陈旧,德育目标局限于遵守规范,德育内容孤立、单一,德育评价失调。借鉴《中庸》中的德育内容,丰富学校德育课程。借鉴《中庸》中的德育方法,转变学校教育模式。借鉴《中庸》中的德育目标,加强受教育者自身道德修养。《中庸》是特定时代的产物,必然带有一定的历史局限性。我们应该正确理解和看待《中庸》中的德育思想,对于精华我们要大力发扬,对于糟粕我们也要勇于抛弃并吸取经验教训为当前实际服务,真正实现《中庸》德育思想的现代转化,实现传统文化的真正价值。
[Abstract]:As one of the Confucian classics, the mean contains rich moral thoughts. The aim, content and method of moral education are of great significance to moral education. In the goal of moral education, the "mean" starts from the two aspects of "sincerity" and "to neutralize", and "sincerity" is sincere and honest, and "to neutralize" the meaning of social harmony. "sincerity" is a kind of unremitting pursuit of moral cultivation of people in "the mean", "to neutralize" is a kind of pursuit of "harmony of nature and man" by Confucianism, it is a kind of harmonious state of everything. "sincerity" is the premise of "to neutralize", and the common pursuit of "sincerity" and "to neutralize" is the unity of nature and man. In the content of moral education, "the mean of the mean" expounds the "three virtues" of the gentleman's self-cultivation, that is, "intelligence and benevolence", and how to do a good job in personal cultivation of the "Wuda Dao" in interpersonal relations and the "Nine Classics" of the gentleman to govern the country. In the method of moral education, the mean mainly involves three aspects: from reality, from knowledge to action, and from sincerity. Starting from the actual situation, we should do everything from the trivial point of view; the unity of knowledge and practice includes: learning to unify, doing without weariness; honesty and nothing including: being cautious about introspection, loyalty, forgiveness and tolerance, and becoming your own thing. The modern significance of moral education and its reflection include: from the point of view of social moral construction, self-cultivation is conducive to improving people's ideological and moral quality, and is conducive to building a harmonious society. From the positive significance of moral education in schools, there are still some problems in moral education at present. The moral education concept is old, and the goal of moral education is limited to abiding by norms. The content of moral education is isolated, single, and the evaluation of moral education is out of balance. Learn from the moral education content in the mean, enrich the school moral education curriculum. Learn from the moral education method in the mean, change the mode of school education. Referring to the goal of moral education in the mean, we should strengthen the moral cultivation of the educatee. The mean is the product of a specific era and must have some historical limitations. We should correctly understand and view the moral education thought in the mean, we should vigorously carry forward the essence, and for the dross, we should be brave enough to discard and draw lessons from our experience and serve the present reality. Realize the modern transformation of moral education thought and realize the real value of traditional culture.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G41

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