中美基础教育公平性比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 23:23

本文关键词：中美基础教育公平性比较研究　出处：《华东师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着《不让一个儿童落后法》(NCLB)中美国联邦政府加大对基础教育经费投入、采用财政转移支付等有效手段达成基础教育公平的浪潮又一次涌入中国,对其研究则成为必然趋势。本研究从美国基础教育重要政策和法案的演变入手,寻找出政策和法案背后的理论归因,并将理论归因用于美国基础教育公平达成的五个策略的分析中。从中发现,微观层面：学区内部通过教育资源合理分配实现结果公平最具借鉴意义。这为中国目前基础教育不公平的严峻现状之解决提供了新的视角。围绕研究主题,本论文分四章展开：第一部分,绪论。对本论文的研究背景与缘起、研究目的、研究内容、研究意义进行了阐释。第二部分,研究综述。从美国和中国已有的研究文献出发,对“基础教育公平”、“基础教育均衡发展”以及与之相关的重要概念和研究进行文献梳理,并对以上概念做出了辨析和界定,并提出了本论文采用的概念。这为后续研究奠定了基础。第三部分,对《初等和中等教育法》(ESEA)、《不让一个儿童落后法》(NCLB)等重要法案的梳理、分析中发现了其背后的理论架构。而这两大理论归因普适于其后的基础教育公平达成的有效策略的分析。第四部分,为本论文的重点章节。从宏观层面——联邦政府、中观层面——城乡、微观层面——学区内部、学校自身改革层面以及社会支持层面探析美国基础教育公平实现的有效策略。
[Abstract]:With the "No Child Left Behind Act > (NCLB) in the United States federal government to increase funds for basic education, the financial transfer payment and other effective means adopted to achieve basic education equity wave again into China, its research has become an inevitable trend. This study from the evolution of American basic education policy and law firstly, to find out the policy and legislation behind the attribution theory, and attribution theory for the analysis of five strategies to reach fair basic education in the United States. The discovery, from the micro level: school district through the rational allocation of educational resources to realize the most fair significance. This provides a new perspective for solving China grim situation the basic education is not fair.
Around the subject, this thesis is divided into four chapters.
The first part is the introduction. It explains the background and origin of the research, the purpose, the content and the significance of the research.
The second part of the review, starting from the research literature. The United States and Chinese have, on "basic education fairness", "balanced development of basic education and the related important concepts and research literatures, and make analysis and definition of the above concept, and put forward the concept of this paper. This laid the foundation for further study.
The third part, after sorting out the important bills such as the elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), not letting a child lag behind the law (NCLB), find the theoretical framework behind them. The two theoretical attributions are suitable for the analysis of the effective strategies of subsequent basic education.
The fourth part is the key chapter of this paper. From the macro level -- the federal level, the middle level, the urban and rural level, the micro level, the school area, the school's reform level and the social support level, we explore the effective strategies for the realization of the basic education equity in the us.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G40

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