我国研究生资助政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 20:08

本文关键词：我国研究生资助政策研究　出处：《扬州大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 建国以来,我国在不同时期对研究生实施不同的资助政策以保障研究生培养。随着招生规模的扩大,已有的“奖、助、补、贷”多元化的资助体系不仅给国家财政造成了沉重的负担,而且不能很好地解决大部分研究生的经济需要,一定程度上影响了研究生的培养质量。2006年,研究生培养机制进行了一系列改革,作为研究生培养机制主要组成部分的资助政策也同步进行了改革。本文回顾了研究生资助政策的演变历程,详细阐述了每个阶段的政策背景及政策内容,分析了美国研究生资助政策的特点,借鉴美国研究生资助政策注重公平与效率的统一、联邦资助与非联邦资助并重、不同政策协调性强等经验,从政策学的角度对我国研究生资助政策的价值和政策过程进行了分析:对政策变迁中各群体的利益分配情况及政策过程的五个环节(政策制定、政策执行、政策评估、政策监控、政策终结)进行了分析,得出以下结论:我国的资助政策主要保护了国家的利益,在一定程度上保障了贫困研究生的利益;政策过程中存在决策的民主性和科学性不足、政策宣传动员不够、政策执行准备不足、政策失真、政策评估和监控缺乏等问题。结合我国国情,在政策分析的基础上,提出以下建议:明确公平与效率统一、强化成本分担的资助理念;通过建立听证制度、实行专家咨询制度、完善民意调查、实行决策监督制度几方面来实现政策的民主化和科学化;通过加强政策宣传、完善政策准备完善政策执行过程;通过发挥舆论监督作用、建立完善的评估和监控机构来加强政策评估;从加强组织建设、完善管理制度、增强社会资助力度、改革评定方式、提高奖助力度、实行弹性学制、改革收费标准、完善导师负责的资助制度等几方面来推动政策实践。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, our country has implemented different policies of subsidizing graduate students in different periods in order to ensure the cultivation of postgraduates. With the expansion of enrollment scale, there have been "awards, aids and supplements". The diversified financing system not only causes a heavy burden to the national finance, but also fails to solve the economic needs of most graduate students, which to some extent affects the training quality of graduate students. 2006. A series of reforms have been carried out on the graduate training mechanism, and the subsidy policy, which is the main component of the graduate training mechanism, has also been reformed simultaneously. This paper reviews the evolution of graduate aid policy, elaborates the policy background and content of each stage, and analyzes the characteristics of graduate aid policy in the United States. Draw lessons from the United States graduate funding policy to focus on the unity of fairness and efficiency, federal and non-federal funding equal emphasis, different policy coordination and other experience. From the perspective of policy, this paper analyzes the value and policy process of the graduate funding policy in China: the distribution of the interests of each group in the policy changes and the five links of the policy process (policy formulation, policy implementation). Policy evaluation, policy monitoring and policy termination) are analyzed, and the following conclusions are drawn: the subsidy policy of our country mainly protects the interests of the country and, to a certain extent, the interests of poor graduate students; There are some problems in the policy process, such as lack of democratic and scientific nature of policy decision, insufficient mobilization of policy propaganda, inadequate preparation for policy implementation, policy distortion, lack of policy evaluation and monitoring, and so on. On the basis of policy analysis, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: make clear the unity of fairness and efficiency, strengthen the concept of cost sharing; Through the establishment of hearing system, the implementation of expert consultation system, the improvement of public opinion surveys, the implementation of decision-making supervision system to achieve the democratization and scientific policy; Through strengthening the policy propaganda, perfecting the policy preparation and perfecting the policy implementation process; Strengthen the policy evaluation by giving full play to the role of public opinion supervision and establishing perfect evaluation and monitoring institutions; From strengthening the organization construction, perfecting the management system, strengthening the social subsidy, reforming the evaluation method, improving the award and aid strength, carrying out the flexible school system, reforming the charge standard. Improve the tutor-responsible funding system and other aspects to promote policy practice.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：G643

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