论高职院校的学分制管理

发布时间：2018-06-12 06:42

本文选题：高职学院 + 学分制管理　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：近二十年来,我国高等职业教育的发展从无到有,从纯粹模仿到现在的逐渐树立自身特色,已取得重大发展,为我国的高等教育做出了积极地贡献。在它的发展过程中逐渐满足了社会对高等教育的需求,弥补了高等教育供给与需求的不平衡,并且为大量社会人员提供了就业岗位,更重要的是,它为国家和社会培养了一大批专业技术人才,在缓解社会就业的压力,拉动经济的增长,满足社会的教育需求等方面成效显著。随着社会经济建设的高度发展和经济结构的战略性调整,社会对高等职业教育教学管理的质量提出了更高的要求。因为只有更高的教学管理质量,高职院校才能够为社会输出更多质量更高的的技术应用型人才。而高职学院学分制管理是高职教学管理的一个重要组成部分,高职学院学分制管理的水平直接决定了高职学院教学工作和教学质量,因此必须建立一套强而有力,落实执行的学分制管理体系。如何建立一套强而有力,落实执行的学分制管理体系一直都是社会各界一直探讨的热点问题。本文正是立足于如何改革和完善高职学分制管理,从普通学分制的历史和现状出发,了解一般学分制的基本理论及实施办法,在此基础上,分析我国高职院校学分制推行的基本做法,并指出我国高职院校的学分制实施存在的问题及需要解决的问题,从而提出何改革和完善高职学分制管理的思路及措施,最后达到建立一套强而有力,落实执行的学分制管理体系的目的。全文围绕着上述指导思想从四个部分分析了高职院校的学分制实施的问题,并提出了改进的措施。这四部分分别是：第一部分,引论。主要叙述了该选题的起源、目前国内外高职学分制实施的状况述评,以及该问题的研究意义,方法和结构框架。第二部分,普通高校学分制的历史及现状。主要介绍普通学分制历史及现状,因为它是高职学分制发展的基础。在介绍普通学分制的历史和现状中,首先介绍了西方发达国家学分制的实施历史,紧接着介绍我国学分制的实施历史及实施办法,从这些实施历史及基本办法中来初步了解学分制的基本内涵。第三部分,高职教育学分制的现状。主要介绍我国高职院校在实施学分制过程中的主要做法及问题。主要是对其发展及其理论进行了简要的介绍,这一章是全文的思想铺垫,也是全文的理论支撑。此部分中从选课制、模块化课程、学分计算三个方面介绍关于实施学分制过程中的主要做法。在此部分中总结了我国高职院校实施学分制的历史、分析了其现状,肯定了其特色之处,特色表现在：第一,按岗位群设置课程,使教学贴近生产一线.第二,实践环节学分比重大,强调实际操作动手能力。第三,课程与职业技能鉴定的有机结合。在此特色的实施上取得了很多成绩与突破。此部分还对其发展中存在的问题进行了分析。这些问题主要是目前我国高职院校的学分制实施存在的问题及需解决问题,它主要是目前仿效普通高校的学分制或是自身的无序发展,以致于不是完全适合高职教育的发展,这表现在三个方面：第一、课程设置不合理,课程体系不健全；第二、学分制相关教学制度不健全,教学管理比较混乱；第三、师资不足,学分制下的教学质量不高。第四部分,是关于改善我国高职院校实施学分制措施的探讨,这也是全文的重点部分。此部分强调要改革和完善高职学分制的几个关键的环节在于：第一,改革和完善高职课程体系；第二,进行学分制教学制度改革；第三,加强高职院校师资队伍建设；等几个方面。本文的创新之处体现在三个方面：首先,体现在理论切入点的创新上。这篇论文是以普通学分制理论作为全文的支撑,选取了普通学分制理论当中管理存在的问题相对应的几个视角进行了研究。在此基础上,提出全新的高职学分制实施理论。第二,实例应用,以我国示范性高职院校之一的武汉职业技术学院为例介绍了我国高职院校在实施学分制过程中的主要做法及形成的特色(笔者是武汉职业技术学院从事教务管理的教师)。第三,在有机综合以前教育界和学术界关于高职学分制改革各类措施的基础上,提出了改革高职学分制教学制度各分支制度的个人见解：是教学计划管理制度的建设。二是学籍管理制度的建设。三是选课制度的建设。四是考试制度的建设。最后是设想引入弹性学制。
[Abstract]:In the past twenty years, the development of Higher Vocational Education in China has developed from pure imitation to the present, and has made great contributions to higher education in China. It has gradually met the demand of higher education in the course of its development, and made up for the supply and demand of higher education. Balance, and provide jobs for a large number of social personnel, and more importantly, it has trained a large number of professional and technical personnel for the state and society. It has achieved remarkable results in alleviating the pressure of social employment, stimulating the economic growth and meeting the educational needs of the society.
With the development of the social and economic construction and the strategic adjustment of the economic structure, the society has put forward higher requirements for the quality of the teaching management of higher vocational education. Because only the higher quality of teaching management, the higher vocational colleges can output more qualified technical applied talents for the society. And the credit system management of Higher Vocational College It is an important part of teaching management in higher vocational colleges. The level of credit system management in higher vocational college directly determines the teaching and teaching quality of Higher Vocational College. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a set of credit system management system which is strong and forceful and implemented.
How to establish a strong and effective credit management system has always been a hot topic in the community.
This article is based on how to reform and improve the management of the credit system in higher vocational education. Starting from the history and present situation of the ordinary credit system, we can understand the basic theory and implementation methods of the general credit system. On this basis, the basic practice of the credit system in Higher Vocational Colleges is analyzed, and the problems and needs of the implementation of the credit system in higher vocational colleges are pointed out. In order to solve the problem, this paper puts forward the ideas and measures to reform and improve the management of the credit system in higher vocational colleges. Finally, the purpose of establishing a strong and powerful management system for the implementation of the credit system is set up.
Based on the above guiding ideology, the article analyzes the problems in implementing the credit system in Higher Vocational Colleges from four aspects, and puts forward some improvement measures. The four parts are:
The first part, introduction, mainly narrates the origin of this topic, reviews the status of the implementation of the higher vocational credit system at home and abroad, and the significance, methods and structural framework of the problem.
The second part, the history and present situation of the credit system in ordinary colleges and universities, mainly introduces the history and present situation of the general credit system, because it is the basis for the development of the credit system in higher vocational colleges. In the history and present situation of the general credit system, the history of the credit system in western developed countries is introduced first, and the history and implementation of the implementation of the national system in China is introduced. Ways to understand the basic connotation of the credit system from these implementation history and basic methods.
The third part, the present situation of the credit system in higher vocational education, mainly introduces the main methods and problems in the process of the implementation of credit system in Higher Vocational Colleges in China. The main part is a brief introduction to its development and its theory. This chapter is the ideological paving for the full text and the theoretical support of the full text. In this part, the course selection system, modular course and credit calculation are in this part. The three part introduces the main practice in the process of implementing the credit system. In this part, it summarizes the history of the credit system in Higher Vocational Colleges in China, analyzes its current situation, and affirms its characteristics and features in the following aspects: first, setting up the curriculum according to the post group to make the teaching close to the first line of production. Second, the practice link is more important and emphasizes the reality. Third, the organic combination of the curriculum and professional skills identification. A lot of achievements and breakthroughs have been made in the implementation of this feature. This part also analyzes the problems in its development. These problems are mainly the problems and problems to be solved in the implementation of the credit system in Higher Vocational Colleges at present, which is mainly the goal. It is not completely suitable for the development of higher vocational education to imitate the credit system of ordinary universities or their own disordered development, which is not fully suited to the development of higher vocational education. This is manifested in three aspects: first, the curriculum is not reasonable, the curriculum system is not sound; second, the teaching system of the credit system is not sound and the teaching management is confused; third, the shortage of teachers, the teaching under the credit system The quality of learning is not high.
The fourth part is about improving the measures of the credit system in higher vocational colleges, which is the key part of the full text. This part emphasizes that the key links of the reform and improvement of the higher vocational credit system are as follows: first, reform and perfect the higher vocational curriculum system; second, carry out the reform of the credit system teaching system; third, strengthen the high vocational college. The construction of the teaching staff of the school; and other aspects.
The innovation of this article is embodied in three aspects: first, it is embodied in the innovation of the theoretical point of penetration. This paper is based on the general credit system theory as the support of the full text, and selects several perspectives of the problems that exist in the management of the general credit system. On this basis, the new higher vocational credit system is put forward. Second, example application, taking Wuhan Polytechnic as an example of one of the Demonstrative Higher Vocational Colleges in China as an example, introduced the main practice and characteristics in the process of implementing the credit system in China's Higher Vocational Colleges (the author is the teacher of the educational administration of Wuhan Polytechnic). Third, before the organic synthesis, the educational and academic circles are closed. On the basis of various measures for the reform of the higher vocational credit system, the author puts forward the personal views on the reform of the various branches of the teaching system of the higher vocational school credit system: the construction of the teaching plan management system. Two is the construction of the school management system. Three is the construction of the course selection system. Four is the construction of the examination system. Finally, it is conceived to introduce the elastic school system.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G717

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