美国俄亥俄州社会课程幼小衔接的举措与启示

发布时间：2018-06-20 09:57

本文选题：社会课程 + 幼小衔接　；参考：《学前教育研究》2011年09期

【摘要】：社会适应是影响幼小衔接质量和儿童能否顺利适应学校生活的关键因素,因此社会课程衔接在幼小课程一体化建设中尤为必要和重要。美国俄亥俄州近年在促进社会课程幼小衔接方面做了许多有益的尝试与探索,对促进我国社会课程幼小衔接的研究与实践具有重要的借鉴价值。具体来说,美国俄亥俄州首先在教育体系上为幼小衔接提供了制度保障,其从学前学校或幼儿园一直到六或八年级的自然延伸的年级跨度结构能为儿童提供持续性的经验,有助于提高儿童的学业成就、学校参与、社会技能等。从幼儿园的角度而言,教师除了努力促进家长参与外,还采取多种途径与措施促进儿童个体的成熟、提升儿童在同伴中的受欢迎程度,以及学会接纳自己的学生角色。从小学的角度而言,教师也在努力帮助学生获得学校和高年级同学的支持,鼓励家长参与,并想方设法提高儿童的心理理论水平。在社会课程的幼小衔接上,俄亥俄州更是保证了课程标准、内容、实施与评价的连贯性、过渡性与整体性,形成了幼儿园教师与小学教师的良好合作与交流机制,创设了包括幼儿园、家庭与学校在内的社会支持系统,为儿童从幼儿园顺利过渡到小学生活提供了多方面的有效支持。
[Abstract]:Social adaptation is the key factor that affects the quality of young children's cohesion and whether children can adapt to school life smoothly. Therefore, social curriculum cohesion is particularly necessary and important in the construction of the integration of young and small curricula. In recent years, Ohio, USA, has made many useful attempts and explorations in promoting the young cohesion of social curriculum, which has important reference value for the research and practice of promoting the young cohesion of social curriculum in our country. Specifically, Ohio in the United States first provided institutional safeguards in the education system for the convergence of young children. Its naturally extended grade span structures, from pre-school or kindergarten to sixth or eighth grade, can provide continuous experience for children. Help to improve children's academic achievements, school participation, social skills, etc. From the perspective of kindergarten, teachers not only strive to promote parental participation, but also take various ways and measures to promote the individual maturity of children, promote the popularity of children among their peers, and learn to accept their own student roles. From the primary school point of view, teachers are also trying to help students gain support from school and senior students, encourage parents to participate, and find ways to improve children's psychological theory. In connection with the young and small social curriculum, Ohio ensures the continuity of curriculum standards, content, implementation and evaluation, transition and integrity, and forms a good cooperation and exchange mechanism between kindergarten teachers and primary school teachers. Social support system, including kindergarten, family and school, has been created, which provides effective support for children's transition from kindergarten to primary school.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学教育学院;
【基金】：北京师范大学985工程项目“4-8岁儿童课程与教学一体化”研究课题的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：G619.1

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