我国光伏产业扶持政策绩效评价研究

发布时间：2018-02-12 12:14

本文关键词： 光伏扶持政策绩效发展过程　出处：《浙江财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球环境形势日益严峻,能源短缺与需求矛盾日渐凸显,开发利用新型能源成为我国产业结构调整以及经济转型的重要环节。中国新时期规划纲要已明确将新能源产业作为重要的发展方向之一,标志着其进入了新的时期。其中,太阳能因其分布广泛,数量巨大,开发简洁等原因,具有比其他新能源更大的优势。光伏是太阳能利用效率较高的方式,但目前我国光伏产业扶持政策有一些问题,严重制约光伏的市场绩效的提升。本文首先研究回顾了我国光伏从诞生到现在的历程,现存的矛盾,以及相关的扶持理论。并且对我国光伏产业进行了绩效评价,其中光伏产业的绩效评价体系由三部分组成,第一部分为指标部分,该部分由增长率,弃光率等组成。第二部分为DEA投入产出分析,选取投入的指标为所选企业的工人人数、固定资产,以及主营业务成本,所选取产出指标为企业利润。该部分选取31家我国上市的光伏企业作为样本,然后利用DEAP软件整体分析了我国光伏企业的纯技术效率,规模效率等,并探讨了我国光伏行业发展的走势。第三部分为综合判断部分,判断了光伏产业的秩序指数等。后根据DEA结果以及相关的数据事实分析得出我国光伏产业整体绩效明显低下,盈利能力差,生产效率低的结论。然后运用了数理分析法,案例分析法等方法分析讨论了我国光伏产业绩效低下与扶持政策之间的逻辑关系,探究了对光伏产业进行扶持的必要性,以及如何扶持等问题,明确了在制定产业扶持政策时应该从光伏产业的整个产业链视角出发的观点。之后采用案例分析法,分析了国外光伏产业发达国家的相应的扶持政策。最后对光伏的扶持模式提供优化意见。第一,我国光伏的扶持政策应着重光伏链的下游即光伏发电上网方面,促进其有效进步。第二,应该加大对电力存储方面-蓄电池产业的扶持,因为该产业对资本技术要求高且利润率较低,如果没有政府层面的扶持政策的实行,少有企业会进入该领域,并且蓄电池的发展能够在很大程度上改善光伏发电上网不稳定的情况,进而为我国光伏的进步提供强大的推动力。第三,应该学习西方发达国家在推广其本国的新能源产业应用方面所作出的诸如充分调动民间参与热情,对光伏领域的民间资本的进入进行扶持等。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly severe global environmental situation, the contradiction between energy shortage and demand is becoming increasingly prominent. Development and utilization of new energy has become an important link in the adjustment of industrial structure and economic transformation in China. The new energy industry has been explicitly regarded as one of the important development directions in the outline of China's new period planning, which marks that it has entered a new period. Solar energy has more advantages than other new energy sources because of its wide distribution, huge quantity, simple development and so on. Photovoltaic is a more efficient way to use solar energy, but there are some problems in the policy of supporting photovoltaic industry in our country. Firstly, this paper reviews the history of photovoltaic industry in China from birth to now, the existing contradiction, and the relevant supporting theory, and evaluates the performance of photovoltaic industry in China. The performance evaluation system of photovoltaic industry is composed of three parts, the first part is the index part, the part is composed of the growth rate, the abandoned light rate and so on. The second part is the DEA input-output analysis. Fixed assets, and main business cost, the output index is enterprise profit. This part selects 31 photovoltaic enterprises listed in our country as samples, and then analyzes the pure technical efficiency of photovoltaic enterprises in our country by using DEAP software. Scale efficiency and so on, and discussed the development trend of photovoltaic industry in China. The third part is the comprehensive judgment part, After judging the order index of photovoltaic industry, according to the results of DEA and related data facts, the conclusion that the overall performance of photovoltaic industry in China is obviously low, the profitability is poor, the production efficiency is low, and then the mathematical analysis method is used. This paper analyzes and discusses the logical relationship between the low performance of photovoltaic industry and the supporting policy, probes into the necessity of supporting the photovoltaic industry, and how to support the photovoltaic industry. It is clear that the whole industry chain of photovoltaic industry should be viewed from the perspective of the whole industry chain when formulating the industrial support policy. Then the case analysis method is adopted. This paper analyzes the corresponding supporting policies of the developed countries in the photovoltaic industry abroad. Finally, it provides some suggestions on how to optimize the supporting mode of photovoltaic. Firstly, the supporting policy of photovoltaic in our country should focus on the downstream of the photovoltaic chain, that is, the photovoltaic power generation and access to the Internet. Second, more support should be given to the storage of electricity-battery industry, which requires high capital technology and low profit margins, if not implemented at the government level. Few enterprises will enter this field, and the development of batteries can greatly improve the instability of photovoltaic power generation, thus providing a powerful impetus for the progress of photovoltaic in our country. Third, We should learn from the western developed countries in promoting their own new energy industry applications, such as fully mobilize the enthusiasm of private participation, support the entry of private capital in the field of photovoltaic, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.6

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