我国高技术产业集聚与地区专业化的空间溢出效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 22:13

本文选题：高技术产业 + 产业集聚　；参考：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球日渐进入知识经济时代,技术进步因其规模报酬递增的特性而成为各主要发达国家乃至世界经济进步的主要推动力和各国综合国力竞争的重要阵地。我国高技术产业虽然一直快速发展,但然仍面临着来自国内外的压力。当前,我国经济正处于转变经济增长方式、调整产业结构的关键时期,大力发展高技术产业,提升高新技术产业企业创新能力,是我国建设创新型国家的一大重要任务。高技术产业与传统产业比较,由于受自然约束较小、对知识和技术要求高,在知识和技术溢出为核心的动态外部性的作用下,产业集聚成为高技术产业空间布局的主流。地区专业化现象则在区域高技术产业发展初期更加促进产业集群对劳动生产率的提高。由于我国地区间高技术产业发展程度差异较大,高技术产业集聚和地区专业化在不同地区的程度也各有特点,同时,区域高技术产业产出还具有较大的空间依赖性。在空间框架下研究我国高技术产业要素投入、产业集聚程度和地区专业化水平对高技术各地高技术产业产出的影响,将有助于更进一步了解我国高技术产业布局和区域发展情况。本文以空间产业经济学和区域经济学相关理论法为基础,测度了我国各省市区高技术产业集聚程度和地区专业化水平,发现研究期内我国高技术产业空间格局发生了深刻变化：高技术产业从发达省份向次发达和欠发达省份扩散现象在中、东部地区十分明显,西部地区高技术产业集聚程度总体呈下降趋势,与中、东部地区的差距在扩大；部分区域高技术产业区域分工明确,形成以中心省份高技术产业结构丰富、次中心省份次之、周边省份专业化程度较高的态势；西部地区高技术产业发展落后省份因产业结构单一而地区专业化水平极高。之后在通过一系列检验后,将产业集聚程度和地区专业化水平两个指标融入C-D型函数中考察其与劳动力要素投入以及资本要素投入在考虑空间相邻权重因素的空间杜宾模型(SDM)下对各省份高技术产业总产出的影响发现,劳动力投入对本地区产生正向直接效应,对相邻地区产生负向溢出效应,但其影响不及正向效应；固定资产投入仅对本地区有积极的直接效应；产业集聚对本地和相邻地区均产生非常明显的促进作用；而地区专业化则对本地和相邻地区高技术产业发展起微弱的抑制作用。针对研究得出的结论和各地实际情况,提出了促进高技术产业发展的建议。
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, technological progress has become the main driving force of the economic progress in the major developed countries and even the world because of its increasing returns on scale and an important position in the competition of the comprehensive national strength of various countries. Although China's high-tech industry has been developing rapidly, it still faces pressure from home and abroad. At present, the economy of our country is in the crucial period of changing the mode of economic growth and adjusting the industrial structure. It is an important task for our country to develop the high-tech industry and promote the innovation ability of the high-tech industry enterprises. Compared with traditional industries, industrial agglomeration has become the mainstream of the spatial layout of high-tech industries, because of the small constraints of nature and the high demand for knowledge and technology. Under the dynamic externality of knowledge and technology spillover as the core, industrial agglomeration has become the mainstream of the spatial layout of high-tech industries. The phenomenon of regional specialization promotes the labor productivity of industrial clusters in the early stage of the development of regional high-tech industries. Because of the great difference in the development degree of high-tech industry in different regions of China, the degree of hi-tech industry agglomeration and regional specialization have their own characteristics in different regions. At the same time, the regional high-tech industry output also has a large spatial dependence. Under the spatial framework, the paper studies the influence of the factors input, the degree of industrial agglomeration and the regional specialization level on the high-tech industry output in China. Will be helpful to further understand the layout of our high-tech industry and regional development. Based on the relevant theories and methods of space industry economics and regional economics, this paper measures the degree of high-tech industry agglomeration and the regional specialization level in the provinces and cities of our country. It is found that the spatial pattern of high-tech industries in China has undergone profound changes during the research period: the diffusion of high-tech industries from the developed provinces to the underdeveloped and underdeveloped provinces is in the middle, and the eastern region is very obvious. The level of high-tech industry agglomeration in the western region is on the whole decreasing, and the gap between the central and eastern regions is widening, and the regional division of labor in some regions is clear, resulting in the rich structure of high-tech industries in the central provinces, followed by the sub-central provinces. The level of specialization in the western region is very high because of the single industrial structure. After passing a series of tests, The industrial agglomeration degree and the regional specialization level are integrated into the C-D function to investigate the relationship between the industrial agglomeration degree and the labor factor input and the capital factor input in the spatial Doberbin model with the consideration of spatial adjacent weight factors (SDM). The impact of the total output of the technology industry, The positive direct effect of labor force input to the region and the negative spillover effect to the adjacent region are not as good as the positive effect, and the fixed asset investment has only positive direct effect on the region. Industrial agglomeration plays a very significant role in promoting the development of local and adjacent regions, while regional specialization has a weak inhibitory effect on the development of local and adjacent high-tech industries. In the light of the conclusions of the study and the actual situation in various places, some suggestions for promoting the development of high-tech industry are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F276.44

【参考文献】