市场结构、技术创新与产业政策的研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 23:39

本文选题：市场结构 + 技术创新　；参考：《东北财经大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：自熊彼特假说提出以来,什么样的市场结构更有助于技术创新,更有利于刺激一个行业的研发投入与创新能力改善,这一问题的回答决定着不同国家产业扶持政策的制定方向。我国长期以来在高新技术产业发展中,一直遵循着"优势企业"扶持的产业政策设计思路,其实质是期望通过重点企业扶持进而加速垄断企业的出现而刺激创新,这意味着我国产业政策实际是在熊彼特假说成立的前提下而设计。但长期以来我国自主创新能力低下、高技术产业低端化等问题却长期困扰着相关产业的发展,在这种情况下,什么样的市场结构才真正有利于我国技术创新能力的改善,进而推动经济的可持续增长?其中合适的政府政策和制度安排又是什么?这些问题的回答现实意义进一步凸显。正是基于这样的考虑,本文以我国高新技术产业为研究对象,以市场结构和技术创新为研究重心,尝试在一个相对微观的研究视角下,分析我国高新技术产业市场结构与技术创新间的真实影响过程,并尝试对我国高新技术产业发展中的一些问题提供解释……。本文首先在回顾市场结构与技术创新的相关理论体系基础上,从市场结构对企业技术创新的作用机制入手,在一个面板模型框架下,实证分析了市场集中度、政府干预所衍生的进入壁垒强度等市场特征对我国高新技术行业技术创新与研发活动的影响。结论表明,在一个进入壁垒相对较强,政府干预程度高的非竞争性或者说存在市场歧视的制度安排下,熊彼特假说中的垄断利于创新是局部成立的,对于大量的国有大型企业而言,其在市场中所拥有的垄断地位或者说在我国转轨背景下所形成的这种国有企业的制度偏向所形成的资源垄断,确实显著的刺激与提高了这些企业进行技术创新与研发的热情。垄断成为一种对技术创新具有激励效应的制度安排。但是,脱离开这样一个制度条件,当市场结构形态更接近竞争格局时,或者说在一些下游行业,以大量的民营经济成分与民营企业为主体的产品市场中,为应对竞争而形成的技术创新热情,可能才是决定企业进行创新决策的真正动力。在这一局部静态条件下,熊彼特假说是不成立的。此时的市场结构是竞争,而非垄断,才是更适宜于技术创新的制度设计。在上述实证分析基础上,本文接下来分析了"优势企业"产业扶持策略的形成及政策过程,优势产业扶持对行业创新与技术能力的改善确实存在显著作用,但是在一个相对复杂的,存在不同特征市场结构与企业研发激励策略的市场中,优势扶持并不一定能够产生预期的创新激励效果,在此基础上,本文分析了我国高新技术产业扶持策略的演进过程,并结合本文的实证结论,提出了扶持优势企业的建议。
[Abstract]:Since Schumpeter's hypothesis was put forward, what kind of market structure is more conducive to technological innovation and to stimulate the R & D investment and innovation ability of an industry. The answer to this question determines the direction of industrial support policy formulation in different countries. For a long time in the development of high and new technology industry, our country has been following the idea of industrial policy design supported by "superior enterprises". Its essence is to stimulate innovation through the support of key enterprises and accelerate the emergence of monopoly enterprises. This means that China's industrial policy is actually designed under the premise of Schumpeter hypothesis. However, for a long time, the problems of low independent innovation ability and low end of high-tech industry have puzzled the development of related industries for a long time. In this case, what kind of market structure is really conducive to the improvement of technological innovation ability in China? And promote sustainable economic growth? What are the appropriate government policies and institutional arrangements? The practical significance of answering these questions is further highlighted. Based on this consideration, this paper takes the high-tech industry of our country as the research object, takes the market structure and the technological innovation as the research focus, and tries to study from a relatively micro perspective. This paper analyzes the real influence process between the market structure and technological innovation of high and new technology industry in China, and tries to explain some problems in the development of high and new technology industry in our country. On the basis of reviewing the relevant theoretical system of market structure and technological innovation, this paper starts with the mechanism of market structure to enterprise technological innovation, and analyzes the market concentration under the framework of a panel model. The influence of market characteristics such as the intensity of barriers to entry derived from government intervention on the technological innovation and R & D activities of high and new technology industries in China. The conclusion shows that the monopoly in Schumpeter's hypothesis is partially established under the institutional arrangement of non-competitive or market discrimination with relatively strong barriers to entry and high degree of government intervention. For a large number of large state-owned enterprises, their monopoly position in the market or the resource monopoly formed by the institutional bias of the state-owned enterprises in the context of the transition of our country. Indeed, it stimulates and enhances the enthusiasm of these enterprises for technological innovation and R & D. Monopoly has become a kind of institutional arrangement with incentive effect on technological innovation. However, without such a system condition, when the market structure is closer to the competitive pattern, or in some downstream industries, the product market with a large number of private economic components and private enterprises as the main body, The enthusiasm of technological innovation formed in order to cope with competition may be the real motive force for enterprises to make innovation decisions. Under this local static condition, Schumpeter hypothesis is not true. At this time, the market structure is competition, not monopoly, is more suitable for technological innovation system design. On the basis of the above empirical analysis, this paper then analyzes the formation and policy process of the industrial support strategy of "superior enterprises", which has a significant effect on the improvement of industry innovation and technological capability. However, in a relatively complex market with different market structure and enterprise R & D incentive strategy, advantage support is not always able to produce the expected innovation incentive effect. This paper analyzes the evolution process of China's high-tech industry support strategy, and based on the empirical conclusions of this paper, puts forward some suggestions to support the superior enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F276.44;F273.1

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