经济正义：经济生活世界的意义追问

发布时间：2018-03-10 08:10

本文选题：正义　切入点：经济　出处：《复旦大学》2004年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：正义,作为人类的价值理想和现实生活的规范要求,是人所特有的对自身存在方式和存在意义的反思而在理论上的表现和现实要求,是对人与人之间的社会关系的合理性和合目的性的最高概念表达。它往往是对现实的社会关系和对当下生存状况的不满、忧虑从而要求超越的理论表达和行动努力。正义常常以“超越现实”的价值理想和意义维度作为现实社会生活和人们行为的根据和标准,并对之加以评判和规范,为人们的社会关系和社会行为提供一个合理合法合目的性的尺度,追求一个和谐而富有意义的社会生活。因此,正义是一个批判性的哲学范畴,批判性、反思性、超越性是正义所具有的本质要求。正义的实质在于把人的价值、人的尊严和人的发展作为人的根本。人类的正义追求就是追求人的价值、人的尊严和人的全面发展,它的根本价值指向在于为人类营建一个真、善、美的存在家园。经济活动作为人类的始源性的存在方式,是人类的生命得以延续和社会历史得以展开的坚实的基础和重要的前提,它构成了整个社会生活最深厚的基础。因此,唯物史观认为,要探索社会的奥秘就必须回到顽强的经济事实中。这就意味着,经济作为人的基础存在方式,它在人类的社会生活中具有无以替代的地位和作用。它不仅关联到人们的个体生命的生存和发展,而且影响到整个社会的进步和繁荣,所以经济方式与人类的生命存在、社会发展、人的存在意义和存在价值的实现具有密切关联。经济活动的展开,必然的牵涉到人与人之间的经济交往和人与自然之间的物质能量交换,而如何合规律性和合目的性的展开经济活动,从而有效地协调人与人之间的经济关系,做到人与自然之间的生态平衡,这是人类不得不思考的存在难题。对经济生活的正义思考,实际上是对人类对自身经济方式和经济关系的哲学思考,因而也是人类对自身存在的哲学反思。当代,由于“社会的经济化”、“经济的资本化”,从而成就了“经济主义” 的泛滥和扩展,结果是资本及其逻辑具有片面而无限制的渗透和扩充到社会生活的方方面面的趋势,使得资本成为我们时代的唯一真理,货币成为我们唯一的语言。如此一来,生活的一切都成为资本这个抽象物的材料,成为它贪婪的增值欲望的打量物。若以资本的逻辑看待自然,便导致了对自然界的无限贪婪的宰制; 若以资本的眼光打量人,人变成了资本手段和奴隶;若以资本的算盘估价人生的意义、生命的尊严,这本身就成为一个讽刺。正是当代经济的狭隘资本化趋势, 导致了当代人类生活中的人与人的矛盾重重、人与自身的生命日渐疏远以及人与自然之间的紧张对峙,由此带来的是当代人的存在危机和价值虚无,使得当代人陷入了如临深渊、如履薄冰的生存处境。因此,当代人监审自己的经济方式和经济价值观,反思存在的危机,重建存在的家园已刻不容缓。 I中 WP=5 正是基于上述的综合背景,笔者探讨了经济正义这个坚深的现实课题。由于国内对经济正义课题的研究尚处于初步的阶段(尤其从经济哲学的视域探讨经济正义),困难首先来自于对经济正义概念的界定和把握。所以,笔者首先对经济正义作出了自己的描述,认为经济正义是对经济生活世界的正义关怀和意义追问,经济正义不仅内含着经济效率的要求,而且包含着社会正义的价值诉求,从而把人的价值、人的尊严和人的自由全面发展视为经济发展的根本和目的,也因此在经济生活的展开过程中要求经济的手段性和人的发展的目的性相统一、经济发展和人类幸福相统一、人与自然的和谐统一,从而促进经济社会和人的全面发展,实现人的自由存在本质。在此基础上,论文从思想观念层面追寻了西方经济正义思想的发展、透视了马克思主义经济正义思想、探讨了经济正义理念的当代建构;从制度层面探讨了经济制度正义问题;从经济活动层面探讨了生产正义、交换正义、分配正义和消费正义问题;从经济的国际交往、代与代的经济的关联角度探讨了国际经济正义和代际经济正义的问题。同时,论文对当前经济正义实践中所面临的经济正义与经济自由主义、经济正义与差别原则、经济正义与“效率公平”等现实难题进行了思考和探索。最后,论文阐述了经济正义的当代中国意义及其与科学发展观的内在关联。论文的写作是探索性的,需要的只是进一步的思考。
[Abstract]:Justice, as the ideal of human value and the standard of real life, is the unique existence of human beings.
The reflection in the way and the meaning of existence, in theory and in reality, is a society between people and people.
The highest conceptual expression of the rationality and purposeful relationship of a relationship. It is often a social relationship to the reality and the present time.
The dissatisfaction of the living condition, the anxiety that requires transcendental theoretical expression and action effort. Justice is often "transcendence".
The value ideal and meaning dimension of reality as the basis and standard of real social life and people's behavior, and
It is judged and standardized to provide a reasonable and legitimate purpose for the social and social behavior of the people.
The pursuit of a harmonious and meaningful social life. Therefore, justice is a critical philosophical model.
Domain, criticism, introspection and transcendence are the essential requirements of justice. The essence of justice lies in the human being.
Value, human dignity and human development are the fundamental of human beings. The pursuit of human justice is the pursuit of human value.
Human dignity and the overall development of human beings, the fundamental value of which is to build a true, good and beautiful human being for human beings.
There is a home.
As the Siwon nature of human beings, economic activities are the continuance of human life and social history.
The solid foundation and the important premise to be carried out, which constitute the deepest foundation of the whole social life.
Therefore, the historical materialism believes that to explore the mysteries of society, it is necessary to return to the stubborn economic facts.
The economy, as the basis of human beings, has an alternative position in human social life.
It is not only related to the survival and development of the individual's life, but also to the progress of the society as a whole.
And prosperity, so the economic way and human existence, social development, the significance of human existence and the value of existence
The realization of the economy is closely related. The expansion of economic activities inevitably involves the economic exchanges between people and people.
The exchange of material and energy between man and nature, and how to carry out economic activities in accordance with regularity and purpose,
And effectively coordinate the economic relationship between people and people, and achieve the ecological balance between man and nature, which is human
The problem of existence that has to be thought about. The just thinking of economic life is actually a part of the human economy for its own economy.
The philosophical thinking of the relationship between style and economy is also a philosophical reflection of human existence.
In the present time, "economic capitalization" and "economic capitalization" have achieved "economism".
The result is that capital and its logic have a one-sided and unrestricted penetration and expansion into social life.
The trend in all aspects makes capital the only truth of our time, and money is the only language we have.
In this way, everything in life becomes the material of the abstract object of capital, and it becomes its greedy value added desire.
Look. If the object at the logic of capital nature, it led to the domination of nature's infinite greed;
If a man is measured in a capital view, a man becomes a means of capital and a slave; and if a capital is used to estimate life
Meaning, the dignity of life, this itself becomes a satire. It is the narrow capitalization trend of the contemporary economy.
It has led to the contradiction between people and people in contemporary human life, and the alienation between people and their own lives, as well as people and people.
The tense confrontation between nature brings about the existence crisis of the contemporary people and the nothingness of value, which makes the contemporary people
As if in a survival situation. Therefore, very careful, contemporary people own economic mode and the supervision and examination
It is urgent to rethink the existence of the existence of the existence of a crisis of the existence of the existence of the existence of the existence of the existence of the existence of the crisis.
I
WP=5
On the basis of the above comprehensive background, the author probes into the deep and deep realistic topic of economic justice.
The domestic research on the issue of economic justice is still at a preliminary stage (especially from the perspective of economic philosophy. "
In the first place, it comes from the definition and grasp of the concept of economic justice.
Justice has made its own description that economic justice is the just care and significance of the economic life world.
To ask, economic justice contains not only the demands of economic efficiency, but also the value demands of social justice.
The fundamental and purpose of economic development is the value of human, human dignity and the free and comprehensive development of human beings.
In the process of economic life, it requires the unification of economic means and the purpose of human development.
The development is unified with human happiness and the harmony of man and nature, thus promoting the overall development of economic society and human beings.
On the basis of this, the thesis seeks the western economy from the ideological and ideological level.
The development of the thought of justice, the perspective of the thought of Marx's economic justice, and the discussion of the contemporary concept of economic justice.
The problem of economic system justice is discussed from the system level, and the justice of production is discussed from the economic activity level.
The exchange of justice, the distribution of justice and the problem of consumption justice; from the International Association of the economy to the generation of the generation of the economy
This paper discusses the problems of international economic justice and intergenerational economic justice. At the same time, the current economic justice is true.
Economic justice and economic liberalism, economic justice and difference principle, economic justice and "effect"
In the end, the thesis expounds the contemporary China of economic justice.
Meaning and its inner connection with Scientific Outlook on Development.
The writing of the paper is exploratory, and what is needed is only further thinking.

【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：F0

【引证文献】