技术创新方式选择与中国工业绿色转型的实证分析

发布时间：2018-04-11 00:06

本文选题：工业绿色转型 + 绿色全要素生产率　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年12期

【摘要】：在环境承载力接近极限,传统要素投入边际效益骤降的情况下,中国工业依靠技术创新实现绿色转型与发展,已成为我国工业未来发展的重要方向。然而,各类工业行业的特征与异质性,使得不同方式的技术创新表现出不同的效果,如何根据工业行业的特征选择有效的技术创新方式是进一步研究技术创新驱动工业绿色发展的关键性问题。本文采用SBM-DDF方法测算了我国32个工业行业的绿色全要素生产率,并基于行业异质性实证分析了自主创新、技术引进、政府支持三种创新方式在工业行业绿色转型中的作用效果。研究发现:在考虑了能源投入与污染物排放非期望产出后,行业间的绿色全要素生产率表现出了明显的绿色差异性。传统高投入、高污染、高耗能型的工业行业其绿色全要素生产率明显低于绿色特征明显的工业行业。废弃资源综合利用业,文教、体育和娱乐用品制造业等绿色"无烟"产业,以及专用设备制造业、医药制造业等技术密集型产业绿色全要素生产率排名靠前。2009年是我国工业绿色转型的重要跳跃期。在技术创新方式选择上,自主创新与政府支持是资源密集型工业行业实现绿色转型的关键方式;对于劳动密集型工业行业,技术引进则是实现绿色转型的最优路径;对于技术密集型工业行业,自主创新仍是推动该行业实现绿色发展的首要驱动力。此外,我国当前的环境规制已在资源密集型工业行业中率先发挥创新补偿效应;提高工业行业的总体规模与产业集中度也有利于工业行业的绿色转型。
[Abstract]:When the environmental carrying capacity is close to the limit and the marginal benefit of the traditional factor input drops sharply, the green transformation and development of Chinese industry based on technological innovation has become an important direction for the future development of China's industry.However, the characteristics and heterogeneity of all kinds of industrial industries make different ways of technological innovation show different effects.How to choose an effective way of technological innovation according to the characteristics of industrial industry is the key problem to further study the green development of industry driven by technological innovation.This paper uses SBM-DDF method to measure the green total factor productivity (TFP) of 32 industrial industries in China, and analyzes the effect of independent innovation, technology introduction and government support in the green transformation of industrial industries based on industry heterogeneity.It is found that the green total factor productivity (TFP) of industry shows obvious green difference after considering the energy input and the non-expected output of pollutant emission.The green total factor productivity of traditional industries with high input, high pollution and high energy consumption is obviously lower than that of industries with obvious green characteristics.Green "smokeless" industries such as comprehensive utilization of abandoned resources, cultural and educational, sports and recreational products manufacturing, as well as specialized equipment manufacturing,The green total factor productivity (TFP) of technology-intensive industries such as pharmaceutical manufacturing is ranked first. 2009 is an important jump period for China's industrial green transformation.In the choice of technological innovation mode, independent innovation and government support are the key ways to realize green transformation in resource-intensive industries, while for labor-intensive industries, technology introduction is the best way to realize green transformation.For technology-intensive industries, independent innovation remains the primary driver of green development.In addition, China's current environmental regulation has taken the lead in the resource-intensive industries to play the role of innovation compensation, and to improve the overall scale of industrial industries and industrial concentration is also conducive to the green transformation of industrial industries.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学经济与资源管理研究院;北京信息科技大学经济管理学院;中国矿业大学(北京)管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点项目“中国经济绿色发展的评价体系、实现路径与政策研究”(批准号:71333001) 北京技术市场管理办公室软科学研究项目“北京技术市场与区域产业经济发展关系研究”
【分类号】：F062.4;F424

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