基于纵向联盟的港航物流一体化研究
发布时间：2019-07-03 12:14
【摘要】：随着经济的发展和科学技术的进步，港口作为运输网络中的中心环节，其功能不断拓宽，逐步由传统的运输功能向商业、服务、工业生产等多功能方向转变，港口企业的发展水平已经成为衡量一个国家和地区社会经济发展的重要指标。中国加入世贸组织以后，港口作为我国对外贸易的重要枢纽，其地位和作用显得更加重要，对外贸易总量的持续增长给港口带来充足货源的同时也对港口的生产能力提出了更高的要求，我国港口企业面临着前所未有的机遇和挑战。 众所周知，航运业是一个高风险、高投资的行业，一直以来经历着残酷的竞争。随着班轮公会的衰亡，航运市场上不再存在具有绝对优势的行业寡头，因此国际航运市场面临着更为严峻的竞争。自上世纪90年代以来，随着国际航运市场宏观经济形势的变化，传统的航运发展模式已经不能适应经济发展对航运业发展的需要，国际航运价格的频繁波动使得世界航运市场面临着更加激烈的竞争环境。尤其近几年，运力过剩致使航运企业不得不面临寻找货源的新竞争，成为航运企业面临的又一难题。 在这种日趋激烈的竞争环境中，港航物流一体化已成为港口企业与航运企业在国内外市场中求生存、求发展的基本战略之一。实现港口企业和航运企业的联盟，可以共担风险、共享收益，有利于提高市场竞争力，更好的为客户提供优质高效的服务，占领更多的市场份额。港口企业和航运企业作为整个物流供应链的其中一个环节，它们之间是相互依存、分工协作的利益共享关系。 本文首先对港航物流一体化问题的理论基础进行了综述，主要包括交易费用理论、纵向联盟理论和港航物流一体化的相关理论；其次介绍了我国主要港口企业和航运企业的发展现状和竞争态势，并对港航物流一体化的主要形式及存在的问题进行分析阐述，这其中借鉴了国内外港航物流一体化的成功经验；接下来建立了博弈论模型，并将模型应用到港航物流一体化分析中，，对港航纵向联盟进行了博弈分析，然后以青岛港为例对模型的正确性进行了验证；又通过战略联盟的利益分配模型，计算夏普利值进行分配从而巩固和维护联盟稳定。最后，基于纵向联盟理论的支持及博弈模型的验证分析，得出港航物流一体化是港口和航运企业在竞争中保持优势地位的必要选择，并成为港口业和航运业未来发展的必然趋势的结论。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the function of port, as the central link in the transportation network, is constantly broadened, and gradually changes from the traditional transportation function to the multifunctional direction of commerce, service, industrial production and so on. The development level of port enterprises has become an important index to measure the social and economic development of a country and a region. After China's entry into WTO, port, as an important hub of China's foreign trade, its position and function are more important. The continuous growth of total foreign trade has brought sufficient supply to the port, but also put forward higher requirements for the port's production capacity. Chinese port enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As we all know, the shipping industry is a high-risk, high-investment industry, has been experiencing cruel competition. With the decline of liner guild, there is no longer an oligarch with absolute advantage in the shipping market, so the international shipping market is facing more severe competition. Since the 1990s, with the change of the macroeconomic situation of the international shipping market, the traditional shipping development model has been unable to meet the needs of economic development for the development of the shipping industry. The frequent fluctuation of international shipping prices makes the world shipping market face a more fierce competitive environment. Especially in recent years, shipping enterprises have to face the new competition to find the source of goods because of the excess capacity, which has become another difficult problem faced by shipping enterprises. In this increasingly fierce competitive environment, the integration of port and shipping logistics has become one of the basic strategies for port enterprises and shipping enterprises to survive and develop in the domestic and foreign markets. The realization of the alliance between port enterprises and shipping enterprises can share risks and benefits, which is conducive to improving market competitiveness, better providing high-quality and efficient services for customers, and occupying more market share. As one of the links of the whole logistics supply chain, port enterprises and shipping enterprises are interdependent, division of labor and cooperation of benefit-sharing relationship. Firstly, this paper summarizes the theoretical basis of port and navigation logistics integration, including transaction cost theory, vertical alliance theory and port and navigation logistics integration theory. Secondly, it introduces the development status and competitive situation of the main port enterprises and shipping enterprises in China, and analyzes and expounds the main forms and existing problems of the integration of port and shipping logistics, which draws lessons from the successful experience of the integration of port and shipping logistics at home and abroad. Then, the game theory model is established, and the model is applied to the integrated analysis of port and navigation logistics, and the game analysis of port and navigation longitudinal alliance is carried out, and then the correctness of the model is verified by taking Qingdao Port as an example, and through the benefit distribution model of strategic alliance, the Sharpley value is calculated to consolidate and maintain the stability of the alliance. Finally, based on the support of vertical alliance theory and the verification and analysis of game model, it is concluded that the integration of port and shipping logistics is a necessary choice for port and shipping enterprises to maintain their dominant position in the competition, and it has become the inevitable trend of the future development of port industry and shipping industry.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F552
本文编号：2509373
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, the function of port, as the central link in the transportation network, is constantly broadened, and gradually changes from the traditional transportation function to the multifunctional direction of commerce, service, industrial production and so on. The development level of port enterprises has become an important index to measure the social and economic development of a country and a region. After China's entry into WTO, port, as an important hub of China's foreign trade, its position and function are more important. The continuous growth of total foreign trade has brought sufficient supply to the port, but also put forward higher requirements for the port's production capacity. Chinese port enterprises are facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. As we all know, the shipping industry is a high-risk, high-investment industry, has been experiencing cruel competition. With the decline of liner guild, there is no longer an oligarch with absolute advantage in the shipping market, so the international shipping market is facing more severe competition. Since the 1990s, with the change of the macroeconomic situation of the international shipping market, the traditional shipping development model has been unable to meet the needs of economic development for the development of the shipping industry. The frequent fluctuation of international shipping prices makes the world shipping market face a more fierce competitive environment. Especially in recent years, shipping enterprises have to face the new competition to find the source of goods because of the excess capacity, which has become another difficult problem faced by shipping enterprises. In this increasingly fierce competitive environment, the integration of port and shipping logistics has become one of the basic strategies for port enterprises and shipping enterprises to survive and develop in the domestic and foreign markets. The realization of the alliance between port enterprises and shipping enterprises can share risks and benefits, which is conducive to improving market competitiveness, better providing high-quality and efficient services for customers, and occupying more market share. As one of the links of the whole logistics supply chain, port enterprises and shipping enterprises are interdependent, division of labor and cooperation of benefit-sharing relationship. Firstly, this paper summarizes the theoretical basis of port and navigation logistics integration, including transaction cost theory, vertical alliance theory and port and navigation logistics integration theory. Secondly, it introduces the development status and competitive situation of the main port enterprises and shipping enterprises in China, and analyzes and expounds the main forms and existing problems of the integration of port and shipping logistics, which draws lessons from the successful experience of the integration of port and shipping logistics at home and abroad. Then, the game theory model is established, and the model is applied to the integrated analysis of port and navigation logistics, and the game analysis of port and navigation longitudinal alliance is carried out, and then the correctness of the model is verified by taking Qingdao Port as an example, and through the benefit distribution model of strategic alliance, the Sharpley value is calculated to consolidate and maintain the stability of the alliance. Finally, based on the support of vertical alliance theory and the verification and analysis of game model, it is concluded that the integration of port and shipping logistics is a necessary choice for port and shipping enterprises to maintain their dominant position in the competition, and it has become the inevitable trend of the future development of port industry and shipping industry.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F552
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 刘晏彤;天津港东疆保税港区冷库业务发展对策研究[D];大连海事大学;2013年
本文编号：2509373
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