天马—曲村遗址西周时期墓葬的性别考古学研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 13:34

本文关键词：天马—曲村遗址西周时期墓葬的性别考古学研究　出处：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天马—曲村遗址地处山西省南部临汾市,它以西周至春秋时期的遗存最为丰富,该遗址发现了大量墓葬及保存相对完好的人骨。墓葬是研究性别问题很好的材料,对于我们研究男女社会关系及角色具有十分独特的优势。我们在对墓葬死者性别进行鉴别以后,就可以对墓葬中的物质遗存与男女性别的联系有非常直观的认识。本文尝试从性别考古学的角度对该遗址中社会习俗与性别之间的关系及所反映的社会生活作一初步探讨。本文在原报告分期、类型学研究的基础上,主要运用统计学分析方法,对8组17座晋侯墓葬以及373座中小贵族及平民墓进行定量分析,全面考察西周时期各等级墓葬的性别差异。文章首先对所依据的墓葬资料及该遗址墓葬的年代划分进行了相关说明。其次介绍了该遗址墓葬的性别鉴定情况及墓葬等级划分标准,使得本文的探讨具有一定基础。文章的主体部分是对天马—曲村遗址墓葬性别差异的分析,主要探讨墓葬规模及设施与随葬品两大部分所显示的性别差异。经统计分析发现,不同等级墓葬所表现的性别差异并不相同：在贵族等级墓葬中,男女性别差异现象十分明显,女性墓在墓葬规格、铜礼器的种类和数量以及车马器等三方面上等级规格往往低于男性,在平民墓葬中,女性墓等级规格低于男性的现象却不太明显；女性墓葬并非在所有物品上都表现出规格较低的情况,比如女性墓往往拥有更多的陶器及玉石器等。文章在对不同等级墓葬进行统计分析时,注意各个时段男女性别差异的变化,发现西周晚期与西周早期及中期的情况大不相同。最后尝试考察西周时期天马—曲村遗址的社会背景,主要探讨了墓葬性别差异所反映的社会等级地位、晋国与周边少数民族的关系以及西周中晚期的社会变化三个方面的内容。最后文章认为通过对西周时期天马—曲村遗址墓葬性别差异的分析,可以窥探其社会背景,性别研究为我们全面了解古代社会提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Tianma-qu Village site is located in Linfen City in the south of Shanxi Province. It is the most abundant in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn period. The site has found a large number of tombs and relatively well-preserved human bones. Tombs are very good materials for the study of gender issues. For us to study the social relations and roles of men and women has a very unique advantage. It is possible to understand directly the relationship between the material remains of the tomb and the sex of men and women. This paper attempts to study the relationship between social customs and gender and the social life reflected in the site from the perspective of gender archaeology. Preliminary discussion. Based on the study of classification and typology in the original report, the quantitative analysis of 17 tombs in 8 groups of Jin Hou and 373 tombs of middle and small nobles and civilians were carried out by means of statistical analysis. This paper makes a comprehensive investigation of the gender difference of each grade of tombs in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Firstly, the article explains the relevant data of the tombs and the age division of the graves of the site. Secondly, it introduces the sex identification of the graves and the tomb of the site. Gradation criteria. The main part of the article is the analysis of the gender difference in the tomb of Tianma-Qucun site. The paper mainly discusses the sex difference between the two parts of tomb size and facilities and burial objects. Through statistical analysis, it is found that the gender difference of different gravesites is not the same: in the aristocratic graveyard. The gender difference between men and women is very obvious, female tombs in the burial specifications, the type and number of bronze ceremonial utensils and the number of chariots are often lower than that of men, in the civilian burial. The phenomenon that the female graveyard grade is lower than that of the male is not obvious. Female tombs do not show lower specifications on all objects, such as women's tombs tend to have more pottery and jade stone tools, etc. The article carries out statistical analysis of different levels of tombs. Pay attention to the gender differences between men and women in different periods, and find that the situation of the late Western Zhou is very different from that of the early and middle of the Western Zhou. Finally, we try to investigate the social background of Tianma-qu Village site in the Western Zhou Dynasty. This paper mainly discusses the social rank status reflected by the gender difference of the tomb, the relationship between Jin and the surrounding ethnic minorities, and the social changes in the middle and late Western Zhou Dynasty. Finally, the article thinks that through the analysis of the gender difference in the tomb of Tianma-qu Village in the Western Zhou Dynasty, we can explore its social background, and the study of gender provides us with a new way of thinking to understand the ancient society in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K878.8

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