扎赉特旗农村贫困问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 17:47

本文选题：扎赉特旗 + 贫困　；参考：《内蒙古师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：贫困是人类社会的公敌,是文明社会的顽疾。消除贫困,改善民生,逐步实现共同富裕,是全体人民的共同愿望、社会主义的本质要求。改革开放以来,我国的国民经济获得了持续的快速增长,贫困治理方面取得了历史性的成就,特别是经过近十年来的努力,我国的绝对贫困问题已经发生了质的变化,由全局性的绝对贫困问题转变为区域性的绝对贫困问题。扎赉特旗是国家级的贫困旗,以该旗作为典型,探究该地区致贫原因,寻求脱贫对策,是符合时代要求的重要而紧迫的一个课题。扎赉特旗扶贫开发的研究以及由此所提出的对策措施,不仅对扎赉特旗经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义,而且对内蒙古甚至对西部贫困地区扶贫开发研究都具有借鉴意义。本文以扎赉特旗为研究对象,以相关理论与统计数据为基础,利用比较分析法、文献研究法、定性分析与定量分析相结合法,分析总结了扎赉特旗的贫困特征、致贫原因、扶贫开发取得的成效及存在的问题,并提出了可行性脱贫对策。通过研究本文认为,扎赉特旗具有贫困面大、贫困程度深、贫困向少数民族人口集中等贫困特征。而自然环境恶劣,基础设施建设滞后,农牧民竞争意识和商品意识淡薄,经济发展起点低,劳动力转移滞后等问题是扎赉特旗致贫的主要原因。在扶贫开发工作方面,近些年扎赉特旗围绕国家新阶段扶贫开发目标任务,多渠道争取和增加扶贫专项资金投入,大力实施整村推进、产业化扶贫等扶贫开发工程,使该地区的贫困人口大幅度减少,在基础设施建设、地区生产能力、经济综合实力、农牧民文化素质等方面有了较大的发展和提升。但是扶贫开发工作还存在不少困难和问题。如贫困地区时有返贫现象发生,扶贫开发工作缺乏针对性,扶贫开发工作监督管理薄弱,财政投入少,产业扶持资金不一些贫困地区滋生“扶贫依赖”现象等。因此,本文认为,扎赉特旗应该在扶贫机制、产业结构、社会扶贫、农牧民的科技文化素质、扶贫模式等方面采取相应的应对措施。具体的有:优化政策环境,创新扶贫开发工作机制;培育发展主导产业,激发贫困地区的内生动力;积极动员社会力量,多渠道加大扶贫投入;提高贫困居民的科技文化水平,转移输出农村剩余劳动力;因地制宜采取多种形式的扶贫模式等。
[Abstract]:Poverty is the public enemy of human society and the stubborn disease of civilized society.Eliminating poverty, improving people's livelihood and gradually realizing common prosperity are the common aspiration of all people and the essential requirement of socialism.Since the reform and opening up, the national economy of our country has achieved sustained and rapid growth, and historical achievements have been made in the area of poverty management. In particular, after nearly a decade of efforts, the absolute poverty problem in our country has undergone qualitative changes.From global absolute poverty to regional absolute poverty.Dalai Banner is a national poor flag. It is an important and urgent task to explore the causes of poverty in this area and to find out the countermeasures of poverty eradication in line with the requirements of the times.The research on poverty alleviation and development in Dalai Banner and the corresponding countermeasures are of great significance not only to the sustainable economic and social development of Jailaid Banner, but also to the study of poverty alleviation and development in Inner Mongolia and even in the western poverty-stricken areas.Based on the related theory and statistical data, this paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of poverty and the causes of poverty in Zhalaid Banner by means of comparative analysis, literature research, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis.The effect and existing problems of poverty alleviation and development are put forward, and the feasible countermeasures are put forward.Through the study, it is concluded that the Zhalai Special Banner has the characteristics of large poverty, deep poverty and concentrated poverty to ethnic minorities.The poor natural environment, the lagged infrastructure construction, the weak competition consciousness and commodity consciousness of farmers and herdsmen, the low starting point of economic development and the lag of labor force transfer are the main causes of poverty in Zhalai Special Banner.In the area of poverty alleviation and development, in recent years, Dalai Banner has focused on the task of helping the poor and developing in the new stage of the country, fighting for and increasing the special funds for poverty alleviation through various channels, vigorously implementing the whole village push forward, and industrializing poverty alleviation and other poverty alleviation projects.As a result, the poor population in this area has been greatly reduced, and the construction of infrastructure, the regional productive capacity, the comprehensive economic strength and the cultural quality of farmers and herdsmen have been greatly developed and upgraded.However, there are still many difficulties and problems in poverty alleviation and development.Such as the phenomenon of returning to poverty, the lack of pertinence in poverty alleviation and development, the weak supervision and management of poverty alleviation and development, the lack of financial input, the lack of industry support funds, and the phenomenon of "poverty alleviation and dependence" in some poor areas.Therefore, this paper holds that the corresponding measures should be taken in the aspects of poverty alleviation mechanism, industrial structure, social poverty alleviation, science and technology culture quality of farmers and herdsmen, and poverty alleviation model.Specific measures include: optimizing the policy environment, innovating the working mechanism for poverty alleviation and development; fostering and developing leading industries to stimulate endogenous power in poor areas; actively mobilizing social forces and increasing investment in poverty alleviation through various channels; and improving the scientific, technological and cultural level of poor residents.Transfer and export rural surplus labor force; take measures according to local conditions to take various forms of poverty alleviation model.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.8

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