安徽省油菜生产布局变迁及优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 01:11

本文选题：油菜 + 生产布局　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：油菜是我国食用植物油的主要来源,在我国食用油市场占有重要的地位。油菜的种植和生产对促进我国加工业和养殖业的发展以及保障我国食用植物油的有效供给,均具有重要和深远的影响。近年来随着中国人口的迅速增长和经济的持续发展,中国对食用植物油的需求量和消费量逐年递增,食用植物油自给率严重不足,造成中国对国际油料市场的依赖性日益增强。油菜是我国最重要的油料作物之一,同时也是我国提高植物油自给率最具优势的油料作物,因此,进一步发展油菜生产是解决我国食用油供需矛盾和保障我国食用油安全的重要途径。安徽省位于长江流域,因其得天独厚的地理和自然优势成为油菜生产的优势区域,作为中国油菜的主要产区之一,进一步发展油菜生产是缩小安徽省油料供求缺口和保障我国食品安全的有效途径。因此,分析安徽省油菜生产布局变迁规律及其影响因素,探究油菜生产布局的优化方向,不仅能充分发挥安徽省油菜生产优势、促进农村经济发展、缓解我国食用油供不应求的现状,还能为安徽省大力发展油菜产业及优化产业结构提供理论上的支持和决策依据。为此,本文将从以下几方面进行分析和探究,主要研究内容如下：首先,本文在对国内和国外油菜产业发展、描述性统计学、比较优势理论、农产品生产布局、空间经济学等方面的研究进展进行全面分析与回顾的基础上,确定本文的研究内容和研究方法。其次,选取安徽省1978—2013年油菜种植的单产、总产、种植面积等经济数据,系统的分析安徽省油菜生产布局变迁的规律,主要包括时间序列上的变迁分析和比较优势上的变迁分析,并总结安徽省油菜生产布局变迁的主要特征。结果表明,安徽省油菜生产区域重心结构基本稳定,主要集中在皖南地区,皖北地区种植较少；部分地区油菜生产布局比较优势还有进一步发展的空间；安徽省各个市之间油菜单产水平发展不均衡。再次,对安徽省油菜生产布局的可能影响因素进行理论分析,并构建空间计量模型,对其影响效果进行实证分析。结果表明,各影响因素中成灾比例、非农就业机会和城镇化率对油菜生产是呈负向的影响；有效灌溉面积、人均耕地面积、物质费用、与小麦种植效益比较、油菜价格、油菜价格变动率和单产对油菜的生产是呈正向影响。最后,根据以上的研究得出安徽省油菜生产存在油菜优势利用途径单一、机械化收获程度低,耕地占用现象严重、部分土地闲置,政府对油菜生产的支持力度不够以及油菜种植的集中化和专业化程度不高等问题,根据这些问题,结合安徽省省情,提出了增加科技投入、解决技术难题；加强耕地保护、充分利用冬闲田生产力；加强政策扶持、保证油菜收购价格以及发展休闲农业、利用油菜观光带动经济发展等建议。
[Abstract]:Rape is the main source of edible vegetable oil in China and plays an important role in the edible oil market. The cultivation and production of rapeseed have an important and far-reaching effect on promoting the development of processing industry and breeding industry and ensuring the effective supply of edible vegetable oil in China. In recent years, with the rapid growth of Chinese population and the sustained development of economy, the demand and consumption of edible vegetable oil in China has been increasing year by year, and the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil has been seriously insufficient, resulting in China's increasing dependence on the international oil market. Rape is one of the most important oil crops in China, and it is also the most advantageous oil crop to improve the self-sufficiency rate of vegetable oil in China. Further development of rapeseed production is an important way to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of edible oil and to ensure the safety of edible oil in China. Anhui Province is located in the Yangtze River Valley. Because of its unique geographical and natural advantages, Anhui Province has become the dominant region for rape production, and is one of the main rapeseed producing areas in China. Further development of rapeseed production is an effective way to reduce the gap of oil supply and demand in Anhui Province and to ensure food safety in China. Therefore, analyzing the changing law and influencing factors of rape production layout in Anhui Province, and exploring the optimization direction of rape production layout, can not only give full play to the advantages of rape production in Anhui Province, but also promote the development of rural economy. It can also provide theoretical support and decision basis for vigorously developing rapeseed industry and optimizing industrial structure in Anhui Province. Therefore, this paper will analyze and explore the following aspects. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, this paper analyzes the development of rape industry at home and abroad, descriptive statistics, comparative advantage theory, production layout of agricultural products. Based on the comprehensive analysis and review of the research progress in spatial economics, the research contents and methods of this paper are determined. Secondly, selecting the economic data of rape planting in Anhui Province from 1978 to 2013, such as unit yield, total yield, planting area and so on, the rules of rape production layout change in Anhui Province are systematically analyzed. It mainly includes time series analysis and comparative advantage analysis, and summarizes the main characteristics of rape production layout change in Anhui Province. The results showed that the barycenter structure of rapeseed production region in Anhui Province was basically stable, mainly concentrated in the south of Anhui Province, and less cultivated in the north of Anhui Province, and there was room for further development in the comparative advantage of rape production layout in some areas. The development of rapeseed yield level is not balanced among the cities in Anhui Province. Thirdly, the possible influencing factors of rape production layout in Anhui Province are analyzed theoretically, and the spatial econometric model is constructed, and the effect of this model is analyzed empirically. The results showed that non-agricultural employment opportunities and urbanization rate had negative effects on rape production, effective irrigation area, per capita cultivated land area, material cost, compared with wheat planting benefit, rapeseed price, effective irrigation area, per capita cultivated land area, material cost, compared with wheat planting benefit, the results showed that non-agricultural employment opportunity and urbanization rate had negative effects on rape production. The price change rate and unit yield of rapeseed have a positive effect on rapeseed production. Finally, according to the above research, it is concluded that rape production in Anhui Province has the advantages of single way of utilization of rape, low degree of mechanized harvest, serious occupation of cultivated land and idle part of land. The government's insufficient support for rapeseed production and the low degree of centralization and specialization in rapeseed cultivation. According to these problems and in light of the situation in Anhui Province, the government has proposed to increase scientific and technological input to solve technical problems; and to strengthen the protection of cultivated land. Some suggestions such as making full use of the productive forces of winter leisure fields, strengthening policy support, ensuring the purchase price of rapeseed and developing leisure agriculture, and using rape sightseeing to promote economic development are suggested.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.12

【相似文献】