农业上市公司高管特征与盈利能力关系研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 02:03

本文选题：农业上市公司 + 高管特征　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,我国正处于经济增长的换挡期。企业如何在这种经济新常态和日益激烈的市场竞争形势下,做出正确的决策、提高企业的经营业绩这些都考验着企业高级管理层的能力和水平。农业上市公司作为现阶段我国农业先进生产力的代表,对促进农业市场化、产业化与农业经济迅速发展发挥着重要作用。然而,目前农业上市公司存在数量较少,盈利能力较弱的特点,这与其所处的地位和重要性不相符。公司高管人员即企业的高层管理者,是企业的决策者,最具有影响公司盈利水平的能力,对企业的生存和发展作起着巨大的作用。高管人员的特征如年龄、性别、教育水平、任期、职业背景、技术水平等在很大程度上影响着他们自身的认知、思维方式、洞察力、工作作风等。企业的高管人员正是根据这些对企业各方面做出决策,而决策质量的高低又关乎企业的生存和发展,最终反映到企业的盈利能力上来。通过对高管特征和盈利能力关系的研究,分析发现高管人员的哪些特征对公司盈利有影响,为我国农业上市公司改变现状,提高盈利能力提供指导意见。本文首先对高管人员特征的相关国内外研究成果进行概括总结,然后介绍了高管人员特征与盈利能力的相关概念与理论基础。在此基础上,以我国35家农业上市公司2009-2013年的共175个观测值为样本,实证研究我国农业上市公司高管人员特征与盈利能力的现状与相关关系,选取年龄、教育水平、职称、任期、政府背景、董事长和总经理两职合离状况、独立董事比例共七个指标来代表高管人员的特征,选取代表盈利能力的四个财务指标来综合反映盈利能力,运用SPSS统计软件对高管人员特征与盈利能力进行描述性统计分析、因子分析、相关性分析和回归分析,得出实证分析结果。实证分析结果表明,农业上市公司高管人员特征表现为多数为中年高管,教育水平多数为本科及以上,任期偏短、职称比例较高、独立董事比例低、董事长与总经理两职分设居多、小部分拥有政府背景。农业上市公司的盈利能力较弱,有着下滑的趋势。高管特征中的年龄、职称比例、任期与公司盈利能力有着显著的正相关关系；而政府背景、教育水平、独立董事比例、董事长与总经理两职分设状况与公司盈利能力有相关性但不显著；控制变量中的资产负债率水平与公司盈利能力有显著的负相关关系,公司规模与公司盈利能力有显著的正相关关系,而公司年龄对盈利能力没有显著的影响。最后根据分析结果得出结论,结合我国农业上市公司的现状,从构建合理的年龄结构、引进高技能高学历人才、增加长任期型高管人员比例和完善公司内部治理机制等方面来合理配置高管人员、打造高效能的管理团队为农业上市公司提高盈利能力提出对策与建议。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the shift period of economic growth. How to make the correct decision and improve the performance of the enterprise under the new normal economy and increasingly fierce market competition are all testing the ability and level of the senior management of the enterprise. As the representative of China's advanced agricultural productive forces, agricultural listed companies play an important role in promoting agricultural marketization, industrialization and the rapid development of agricultural economy. However, the number of agricultural listed companies is small and the profitability is weak, which is not in line with its position and importance. The senior managers are the decision-makers of the enterprises. They have the most ability to influence the profit level of the company and play a great role in the survival and development of the enterprises. The characteristics of senior managers, such as age, gender, education, tenure, professional background, technical level and so on, to a large extent, affect their own cognition, thinking style, insight, work style and so on. According to these, the executives of the enterprise make decisions on all aspects of the enterprise, and the quality of the decision is related to the survival and development of the enterprise, which is reflected in the profitability of the enterprise. Through the study of the relationship between executives' characteristics and profitability, it is found that which characteristics of senior executives have an impact on corporate profitability, and provide guidance for agricultural listed companies to change their current situation and improve their profitability. This paper first summarizes the related research results of senior executives at home and abroad, and then introduces the related concepts and theoretical basis of the characteristics of senior executives and profitability. On this basis, taking 175 observed values of 35 agricultural listed companies in China from 2009-2013 as samples, this paper empirically studies the current situation and correlation between the characteristics of senior executives and profitability of agricultural listed companies in China, and selects age, education level, title, etc. The term of office, the background of the government, the separation of the two positions of chairman and general manager, the ratio of independent directors to seven indicators to represent the characteristics of senior executives, and four financial indicators representing profitability are selected to comprehensively reflect profitability. Using SPSS statistical software to analyze the characteristics and profitability of senior executives by descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis, the results of empirical analysis are obtained. The results of empirical analysis show that most of the senior executives of agricultural listed companies are middle aged executives, most of them have undergraduate education, short tenure, high proportion of title, and low proportion of independent directors. Chairman and general manager are divided into two separate positions, a small number have government background. The profitability of agricultural listed companies is weak, with a downward trend. There is a significant positive correlation between age, professional title ratio, tenure and profitability of the company, while the government background, education level, independent director ratio, The two positions of chairman and general manager have a significant correlation with the profitability of the company, and the level of asset-liability ratio in the control variable has a significant negative correlation with the profitability of the company. There is a significant positive correlation between the size of the company and the profitability of the company, but the age of the company has no significant effect on the profitability. Finally, according to the results of the analysis, combined with the current situation of agricultural listed companies in China, from the construction of a reasonable age structure, the introduction of highly skilled and highly educated personnel, To increase the proportion of long-tenure senior executives and improve the internal governance mechanism of the company to rationally deploy senior managers and create a high-efficiency management team for agricultural listed companies to improve their profitability and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F324;F272.91

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