朔州市应县大黄巍乡农户生态足迹及其影响因子分析

发布时间：2018-05-03 14:21

本文选题：农户生态足迹 + 生态承载力　；参考：《山西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国人口增长、工业化和城市化的迅速发展,人与自然环境的关系日趋紧张,制约了我国人口、资源、环境与社会经济的持续协调发展。我国农村人口比重大,农村是我国经济协调持续发展的重点区域。因此,研究农村农户生态足迹及其影响因子,对减缓农村生产和生活消费对生态环境的压力,实现农村经济协调持续发展具有重要意义。本文通过入户问卷调查方式进行实地调查,了解应县大黄巍乡农户的基本生产、消费及能源使用等情况,从农户生产和消费水平、收入差异入手,应用生态足迹方法分析农户的生产生态足迹和消费生态足迹的组成,研究农户生态足迹及其与农业生产、生活和能源消耗之间的关系,评价生态盈亏现状,分析农户生态足迹的影响因子。主要研究结论如下:(1)应县大黄巍乡农户的生产生态足迹占总生态足迹的79.85%,其中化肥生态足迹占总生态足迹的73.74%。表明大黄巍乡是一个典型的农业区,农业生产消耗了大部分农业自然资源。(2)应县大黄巍乡农户的可耕地生态足迹占生产生态足迹的99.60%,化石能源地生态足迹仅为0.40%。表明大黄巍乡农业现代化水平比较低,农业生产以传统耕作方式为主。(3)应县大黄巍乡农户的农业生产消费项目中的化肥生态足迹的比例最大,为92.35%;其次是农药生态足迹,占6.55%;农业用水和农用柴油生态足迹的比例分别为0.70%、0.39%;微耕机汽油生态足迹最小,为0.01%。主要是由于大黄巍乡以种植业为主,农户耕地面积大,农业生产中投入的化肥、农药多。(4)应县大黄巍乡农户的消费生态足迹中,食物生态足迹占总消费生态足迹的比例最大,为86.85%,其次是直接能源和建筑生态足迹,分别为10.63%、2.51%。表明大黄巍乡农户的生活水平较低,大部分农业资源主要用于解决农民的温饱问题。(5)应县大黄巍乡农户的人均消费生态足迹为1.5218gha。人均消费生态足迹中:可耕地为1.3164gha,牧草地为0.0055gha,化石能源地为0.1618gha,建筑用地为0.0381gha;人均生态足迹中可耕地生态足迹的比例最大,占总生态足迹的96.96%。主要是由于可耕地的经营不仅为大黄巍乡农户供给粮食、蔬菜等生活的消费品,而且是当地农户主要的经济收入来源。(6)应县大黄巍乡平均收入阶层农户的平均生态足迹为8.47gha,较低收入阶层农户的人均生态足迹最大,为12.46gha,小康收入阶层农户的人均生态足迹最小,为6.47gha。各阶层农户总生态足迹为7117.1685gha,较低收入阶层农户的总生态足迹最大,为1994.3568gha,小康收入阶层农户的总生态足迹最小,为200.5452gha。(7)应县大黄巍乡农户的人均生态承载力为6.86gha,人均生态足迹为7.55gha。区域生态承载力小于生态足迹,为生态赤字,农户人均生态赤字为0.69gha。表明大黄巍乡农户生产和消费活动的负荷超过了其生态环境承载力。(8)应县大黄巍乡农户人均生态足迹的主要影响因子是农户总人口数、农户务农人数、农户耕地面积、农户拥有房间数。农户人均生产足迹的主要影响因子是农户务农人数、农户耕地面积、农户拥有房间数。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's population, industrialization and urbanization, the relationship between human and natural environment is becoming increasingly tense, which restricts the continuous and coordinated development of China's population, resources, environment and social economy. China's rural population is very important, and the rural is the key area for the coordinated and sustainable development of our country's economy. Therefore, the ecological footprint of rural households is studied and the ecological footprint of rural households is studied. The influence factor is of great significance to mitigate the pressure of rural production and living consumption to the ecological environment and realize the coordinated and sustained development of rural economy. Through the household questionnaire survey, this paper makes a field survey to understand the basic production, consumption and use of energy sources in Yingxian County's Huhuang Wei Township, from the production and consumption level of farmers. The ecological footprint of farmers and the composition of ecological footprint are analyzed with the method of ecological footprint. The relationship between farmers' ecological footprint and its relationship with agricultural production, life and energy consumption is studied, the current situation of ecological profit and loss is evaluated, and the factors affecting the ecological footprint of farmers are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Yingxian County Dahuang Wei Township The ecological footprint of farmers accounts for 79.85% of the total ecological footprint, of which the ecological footprint of chemical fertilizer accounts for 73.74%. of the total ecological footprint, which indicates that the Huhuang Wei township is a typical agricultural area, and the agricultural production consumes most of the agricultural natural resources. (2) the ecological footprint of the cultivated land of the farmers in the Yingxian County rhubarb village accounts for 99.60% of the ecological footprint of the production, and the fossil energy land The ecological footprint is only 0.40%. indicating that the agricultural modernization level of the rhubarb village is relatively low, and the agricultural production is dominated by traditional farming methods. (3) the proportion of the ecological footprint of chemical fertilizer in the agricultural production and consumption projects in Yingxian County's Huhuang Wei township is the largest, which is 92.35%, followed by the ecological footprint of pesticides, 6.55%, and the ratio of agricultural water to the ecological footprint of agricultural diesel. The examples are 0.70%, 0.39% respectively. The ecological footprint of the gasoline in the micro tillage machine is the smallest. The main reason is that the 0.01%. is mainly due to the planting industry in the rhubarb village, the farmer's arable land is large, the fertilizer and the pesticide are more in the agricultural production. (4) in the ecological footprint of the farmers in the Yingxian County rhubarb village, the proportion of the food raw footprints to the total consumption ecological footprint is the largest, which is 86.85%. The second is the direct energy and the ecological footprint of the building, respectively, 10.63%. 2.51%. shows that the living standard of the farmers in the rhubarb village is low. Most of the agricultural resources are mainly used to solve the problem of farmers' food and clothing. (5) the ecological footprint of the per capita consumption of the farmers in the Yingxian County rhubarb village is in the 1.5218gha. per capita ecological footprint: the cultivated land is 1.3164gha, and the pasture land is 0. .0055gha, the fossil energy land is 0.1618gha, the construction land is 0.0381gha, the ecological footprint of the per capita ecological footprint is the largest, and the 96.96%. of the total ecological footprint is mainly due to the arable land management not only for the food, vegetable and other consumer goods, but also the main source of economic income of the local farmers. 6) the average ecological footprint of the average income class farmers in the Yingxian County Dahuang village is 8.47gha, and the per capita ecological footprint of the lower income class farmers is the largest, which is 12.46gha. The average ecological footprint of the well-off income class farmers is the smallest, and the total ecological footprint of the households of all classes of 6.47gha. is 7117.1685gha, and the total ecological footprint of the lower income class farmers is the largest. For 1994.3568gha, the total ecological footprint of the well-off income class farmers is the smallest, and the per capita ecological carrying capacity of 200.5452gha. (7) Yingxian County rhubarb rural households is 6.86gha. The ecological carrying capacity of the per capita ecological footprint is less than the ecological footprint, which is the ecological deficit. The per capita ecological deficit of the farmers is 0.69gha., which indicates the production and elimination of the farmers in the rhubarb village. The load of the cost activity exceeds its ecological environment carrying capacity. (8) the main factors affecting the per capita ecological footprint of farmers in Yingxian County's Huhuang Wei township are the total number of farmers, the number of peasant households, the area of farmers' arable land, the number of households owned by the farmers. The main factors affecting the per capita production footprint of farmers are the number of farmers, the area of farmers' cultivated land, and the ownership of farmers. The number of rooms.

【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F327;X22

【参考文献】