基于欧氏距离的农业可持续发展评价理论构建与实例验证

发布时间：2018-05-04 11:12

  本文选题：农业可持续发展指数 + 目标系统　； 参考：《生态学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：基于欧氏距离构建了农业可持续发展评价理论体系,包括农业可持续发展模型、评价函数、评价等级、目标系统、零系统与评价指标框架。选取宁夏吴忠市2000—2012年数据开展了实例验证,可持续发展指数(ASDI)范围是[0.65,0.70],呈现平缓上升趋势,呈现中持续发展状态。评价结果基本反映了农业系统情况,表明基于欧氏距离构建农业可持续发展评价方法是可行的。该方法的创新性与优势表现在:一是具有可靠的方法论;二是构建了农业可持续发展模型,引入目标系统与零系统概念,建立了农业可持续发展评价参照系,提升了评价的可控性;三是数学函数中隐含了指标权重,回避专家打分法引起的误差或错误,也回避了由于指标增减中指标权重不得不重新赋值的专家打分法缺陷;四是可持续发展评价指数采用函数模型转换,把欧氏距离转换成百分数值一方面易理解,另一方面不同系统的指数值能够进行相互比较。宁夏吴忠农业可持续发展水平偏低的主要原因是氮肥施用量高、秸秆还田率低、复合肥或专用肥比例低、保护性农作技术推广不够、土壤有机质低以及农村人均收入偏低等。
[Abstract]:Based on Euclidean distance, the evaluation theory system of agricultural sustainable development is constructed, including agricultural sustainable development model, evaluation function, evaluation grade, target system, zero system and evaluation index framework. The data of Wuzhong City in Ningxia from 2000 to 2012 are selected to carry out the example verification. The range of sustainable development index (ASDII) is [0.65-0.70], showing a gentle upward trend and a medium sustainable development state. The results show that it is feasible to construct the evaluation method of agricultural sustainable development based on Euclidean distance. The innovation and advantages of this method are as follows: first, it has reliable methodology; second, it constructs the agricultural sustainable development model, introduces the concepts of target system and zero system, and establishes the reference frame of agricultural sustainable development evaluation. Third, the index weight is implied in the mathematical function, the error or error caused by the expert scoring method is avoided, and the expert scoring method which has to reassign the index weight in the index increase or decrease is avoided. Fourth, the sustainable development evaluation index is transformed into a function model, and the Euclidean distance is converted into a percentage value. On the one hand, the Euclidean distance is easy to understand, on the other hand, the index values of different systems can be compared with each other. The main reasons for the low level of agricultural sustainable development of Wu Zhong in Ningxia were the high application of nitrogen fertilizer, the low rate of returning straw to the field, the low proportion of compound fertilizer or special fertilizer, the insufficient popularization of protective farming techniques, the low soil organic matter and the low per capita income in rural areas.
【作者单位】： 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所;农业部农业环境与气候变化重点开放实验室;
【基金】：农业部行业专项科研经费
【分类号】：F327
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本文编号：1842820