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不同用地类型的土壤磁性特征研究

发布时间:2019-01-20 18:02
【摘要】:干旱区城市是干旱区人类活动最为集中、人地关系最敏感的区域。截止到2011年,干旱区城市化率达到43.5%,处于城市化中期阶段。随该区域城市人口不断增加,城市用地不断外延的同时,对城市土壤质量产生胁迫作用。本文选取乌鲁木齐市和克拉玛依市为研究对象,采集45个乌鲁木齐城市表层土样和56个克拉玛依市城市表层土样,采用磁测方法测得相关磁性参数以及干筛法测得土壤颗粒大小含量,烧失法和比色法分别测得有机质(SOM)含量和速效养分(铵态氮(AN)、速效钾(AK)和速效磷(AP))含量。分析了土壤在不同用地类型下土壤磁性特征、土壤磁性在不同土壤颗粒上的分布特征及其土壤磁性与养分和土壤粒度的关系,主要结论如下:(1)不同用地类型的土壤磁性特征及环境意义不同土地利用类型χlf(低频质量磁化率)均值大小关系为:交通运输用地商业用地林地公共设施用地未建设用地居住用地,其中交通运输用地和公共服务设施出现了较高值。不同用地类型的土壤磁性特征分析发现,均以低矫顽力的亚铁磁性矿物含量为主,含有少量的反铁磁性矿物。土壤磁性矿物的粒度分析发现,各用地类型的表层土壤以多畴(MD)磁性矿物粒度为主,含有少量的单畴(SP)和稳定单畴(SSD)颗粒磁性矿物。(2)不同粒径土壤的磁性分布特征在同一用地类型中,磁性参数低频质量磁化率(χlf)、饱和等温剩磁(SIRM)和软剩磁(SoftIRM)的含量基本随粒径的减小而呈逐渐增大的趋势,硬剩磁(HIRM)含量的这一规律,仅在未建设用地上表现良好;频率磁化率(χfd)的值随基本随粒径的减小而呈减少的趋势。在同一粒径中,建设用地的χlf、SIRM和SoftIRM的含量数大小均高于农用地、未建设用地;而χfd反之。(3)土壤磁性与养分的关系土壤磁性与养分的关系研究发现:土壤磁性与养分的关系来看,总体呈土壤χlf与AK呈正相关,交通用地中和未建设用地中的AK与χlf、(SIRM)及“软”SoftIRM具有正相关性,反映了亚铁矿物与速效钾所赋存的矿物具有一定的成生关系。克拉玛依总体土样χfd与SOM呈正相关关系,其中林地和未建设用地呈显著正相关性,可以考虑用χfd做SOM的代用指标。
[Abstract]:The cities in arid areas are the most concentrated and sensitive regions. Up to 2011, the urbanization rate in arid area reached 43.5%, which was in the middle stage of urbanization. With the increasing of urban population and the extension of urban land, the urban soil quality is under stress at the same time. This paper selects Urumqi and Karamay as research objects, and collects 45 surface soil samples from Urumqi city and 56 surface soil samples from Karamay city. The relevant magnetic parameters were measured by magnetic method and the particle size of soil was measured by dry sieve method. (SOM) content of organic matter and available nutrients (ammonium nitrogen (AN),) were measured by burning loss method and colorimetric method, respectively. Available potassium (AK) and available phosphorus (AP) content. The magnetic characteristics of soil under different land types, the distribution characteristics of soil magnetism on different soil particles and the relationship between soil magnetism and nutrient and soil particle size were analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) soil magnetic characteristics and environmental significance of different land use types 蠂 lf (low frequency mass magnetization) mean value relationship is as follows: traffic and transportation land, commercial land, forest land, public facilities. Land for residential use without construction, Among them transportation land and public service facilities appeared higher value. According to the analysis of soil magnetic characteristics of different land types, it was found that the content of low coercivity ferromagnetic minerals was dominant, and a small amount of antiferromagnetic minerals were found. The particle size analysis of soil magnetic minerals shows that the surface soil of each land type is dominated by multi-domain (MD) magnetic mineral granularity. There are a few single domain (SP) and stable single domain (SSD) particles magnetic minerals. (2) the magnetic distribution characteristics of soils with different particle sizes are in the same land type, and the magnetic parameters are low frequency mass susceptibility (蠂 lf),). The content of saturation isothermal remanent magnetic (SIRM) and soft residual magnetic (SoftIRM) gradually increased with the decrease of particle size. The rule of hard remanent magnetic (HIRM) content was only good on the unconstructed land. The frequency susceptibility (蠂 fd) decreased with the decrease of particle size. In the same particle size, the content of 蠂 lf,SIRM and SoftIRM in the construction land was higher than that in the agricultural land, but not in the construction land. But 蠂 fd was opposite. (3) the relationship between soil magnetism and nutrients was found to be positive correlation between soil 蠂 lf and AK, AK and 蠂 lf, in traffic land and non-construction land. (SIRM) and "soft" SoftIRM have positive correlation, which indicates that ferrous minerals have a certain relationship with the minerals of available potassium. There was a positive correlation between 蠂 fd and SOM in the total soil samples of Karamay, and there was a significant positive correlation between woodland and unconstructed land. 蠂 fd could be considered as the substitute index of SOM.
【学位授予单位】:新疆师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:F301.2

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