基于农户尺度的山区生态压力及其影响因素分析——以重庆市为例

发布时间：2019-02-16 21:35

【摘要】：生态压力反映了人类对自然界的干扰,其值的降低预示着地区的森林转型和植被恢复.基于重庆市山区1 015份问卷调查数据,采用本地生态足迹的方法来度量农户尺度山区的生态压力,并运用多元线性回归模型分析影响山区生态压力的主要因素,重点分析山区农村劳动力转移对生态压力的影响.研究发现:1)研究区人均生态压力为1.590hm~2,农户的薪柴采集活动是山区生态压力的主要来源;2)家庭总人口、非农劳动力年均工资水平、家庭农业收入、家庭拥有电器数量以及地区哑变量武隆县和巫山县对山区的生态压力产生显著影响;3)山区农村劳动力的转移确实能够降低地区的生态压力,但是在作用路径上,并不是通过减少农村劳动力的数量,而是通过提高非农劳动力的工资水平、增加农户务农的机会成本发生作用的.
[Abstract]:The ecological pressure reflects the human disturbance to the nature, and the decrease of its value indicates the forest transformation and vegetation restoration in the region. Based on the data of 1,015 questionnaires in mountainous areas of Chongqing, the ecological pressure of farmers in mountainous areas was measured by using the method of local ecological footprint, and the main factors affecting the ecological pressure in mountainous areas were analyzed by using multiple linear regression models. The influence of rural labor force transfer on ecological pressure is analyzed. The results showed that: 1) the per capita ecological pressure in the study area was 1.590hmm2, and the collection of fuel wood was the main source of ecological pressure in the mountainous area; 2) the total household population, the average annual wage level of the non-agricultural labor force, the family agricultural income, the number of household electrical appliances and the regional mute variables Wulong and Wushan counties have significant effects on the ecological pressure in the mountainous areas; 3) the transfer of rural labor force in mountainous areas can really reduce the ecological pressure in the region, but not by reducing the quantity of rural labor force, but by increasing the wage level of non-agricultural labor force. Increase the opportunity cost of farming of farmer produces effect.
【作者单位】：西南大学资源环境学院;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41161140352和41601089) 中央高校基本业务费专项资金项目(SWU113072和XDJK2014C189)
【分类号】：F323.6;X2

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