五常市农业社会化服务发展对策研究

发布时间：2019-06-18 08:19

【摘要】：农业社会化服务是农业现代化的基础,农业社会化服务水平的高低一定程度上代表着一个地区的农业经济发展水平,农业社会化服务的健全程度,关系着该地区农业生产力的发展、农村的经济状况和农民的收入高低。因此,研究农业社会化服务具有重要理论意义和实践意义。农业社会化服务是一个复杂的系统工程,网络政府相关部门、农业企业、农业专业合作组织、零散农户等农业经营主体,这些组织之间存在着复杂联系。从本质上来看,农业社会化服务就是将其从分散的农户自我服务分离出来,由政府或其他组织机构集中供给的过程。那么,如何界定哪些农业社会化服务可以由农民自行解决、哪些需要政府出面、哪些需要其他组织机构的参与?在农业社会化服务工作中出现的问题有哪些?解决的方法又是什么?这些都是迫切需要解决的难题。笔者以黑龙江省五常市农业社会化服务为研究对象,五常市是全国著名的水稻之乡,五常绿色有机大米是黑龙江省,也是全国范围内的一张绿色食品“名片”,对其农业社会化服务的研究成果具有一定代表性。通过对五常市农业社会化服务的研究,可以抓住农业社会化服务的精髓,为五常市农业经济发展注入新的活力。本文以实地调研和调查问卷的数据为依据,采用了文献分析法和问卷调查法等方法,分析五常市农业社会化服务发展中面临的问题与其成因。目前,五常市农业发展进入了新的发展阶段,农业发展方式由粗放型向集约型转变,农业生产经营的专业化、组织化、集约化趋势明显,农业科技贡献率稳步提升。农业社会化服务得到改革开放近四十年的发展,农业社会化服务的主体基本形成、内容继续增加、模式不断创新。然而,各类农业社会化服务还不能充分满足广大农民的需求,公共服务能力还不够强,农业公益性服务能力还有待于进一步提高;市场体系中经营性服务组织商业化过于严重,服务也不够规范;同时,各服务主体之间缺乏有效的协调。可见完善农业社会化服务已成为当务之急。在提出对策之前,参考无常市农业社会化服务存在的问题,将有效解决这些问题视为最终目的,逐一分析了其问题的成因。最终破解这些难题,为五常市农业社会化服务提出具体有效的解决办法,具体推荐措施如下:提高农业社会化服务供给主体的服务能力、提高农业社会化服务效率、调整农业社会化服务供需结构、构建新型农业社会化服务体系。
[Abstract]:Agricultural socialized service is the basis of agricultural modernization. To a certain extent, the level of agricultural socialized service represents the level of agricultural economic development in a region and the perfection of agricultural socialized service, which is related to the development of agricultural productive forces, the economic situation of rural areas and the income of farmers. Therefore, the study of agricultural socialized service has important theoretical and practical significance. Agricultural socialized service is a complex system engineering, such as network government related departments, agricultural enterprises, agricultural professional cooperative organizations, scattered farmers and other agricultural management subjects, there are complex relations between these organizations. In essence, agricultural socialized service is the process of separating it from decentralized farmers' self-service and centralized supply by the government or other organizations. So, how to define which agricultural socialized services can be solved by farmers themselves, which need the government to come forward, and which need the participation of other organizations? What are the problems in the socialized service of agriculture? What is the solution? These are all problems that need to be solved urgently. The author takes the agricultural socialized service of Wuchang City in Heilongjiang Province as the research object. Wuchang City is a famous rice hometown in China, and Wuchang Green Organic Rice is not only a green food "business card" in Heilongjiang Province, but also a green food "business card" in the whole country, which is representative of the research results of its agricultural socialized service. Through the study of agricultural socialized service in Wuchang City, we can grasp the essence of agricultural socialized service and inject new vitality into the development of agricultural economy in Wuchang City. Based on the data of field investigation and questionnaire, this paper analyzes the problems faced in the development of agricultural socialized service in Wuchang City and its causes by using the methods of literature analysis and questionnaire investigation. At present, the agricultural development of Wuchang City has entered a new stage of development, the mode of agricultural development has changed from extensive type to intensive type, the specialization, organization and intensification of agricultural production and management are obvious, and the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology has been steadily improved. Agricultural socialized service has been developed in the past 40 years of reform and opening up. The main body of agricultural socialized service has been basically formed, the content continues to increase, and the model continues to innovate. However, all kinds of agricultural socialized services can not fully meet the needs of the majority of farmers, the public service capacity is not strong enough, the agricultural public welfare service capacity needs to be further improved; in the market system, the commercialization of operational service organizations is too serious, the service is not enough to standardize; at the same time, there is a lack of effective coordination among the service subjects. It can be seen that it has become an urgent task to perfect the socialized service of agriculture. Before putting forward the countermeasures, referring to the problems existing in the socialized service of agriculture in fickle cities, the effective solution of these problems is regarded as the ultimate goal, and the causes of the problems are analyzed one by one. Finally, these problems are solved, and concrete and effective solutions are put forward for agricultural socialized service in Wuchang City. The specific recommended measures are as follows: improving the service ability of the main body of agricultural socialized service supply, improving the efficiency of agricultural socialized service, adjusting the structure of supply and demand of agricultural socialized service, and constructing a new type of agricultural socialized service system.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F326.6
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本文编号：2501313