城镇化进程中农村剩余劳动力转移问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-19 05:43

【摘要】：作为世界最大的人口大国和农业大国,中国的农村农业劳动力转移在其经济发展和社会进步中占据着中心位置。改革开放以来,我国农村农业劳动力开始大规模向非农业转移,方式上包括就地转移和异地转移。迄今为止,转移人数达到3亿多人,这个规模超过历史上任何时期和世界上任何国家发生的人口流动和就业转移。毫无疑问,劳动力的跨产业和跨空间转移为中国经济30多年的高速增长立下了汗马功劳。但另一方面,快速大规模的转移也带来了前所未有的一些列经济社会问题。农村剩余劳动力转移不仅会与我国社会经济与民生发展产生关联,还是中国实现社会主义快速发展与建设的重要构成元素,同样还是农业劳动力模式转变的重大举措。所以,本篇文章的核心就是针对城镇化进程中农村剩余劳动力转移等多项问题的深入探索。围绕这一核心,文章首先阐释了选题背景与选题意义、研究思路与研究方法,考察了城镇化进程中农村剩余劳动力转移的国内外研究现状,对研究的理论基础和相关概念进行了挖掘、提炼、限定。在此基础上,对中国城镇化进程与农村剩余劳动力流动的发展历程与特征作了详细梳理和总结,从转移渠道、转移方式、转移效果、转移主体等方面提出了目前我国农村劳动力过程中存在的主要问题,从制度、人力、政策、环境、管理五个方面对造成这些问题的原因进行了分析。文章接着从横向的角度,考察了以英、美、日为代表的发达国家和印度等发展中国家在农村劳动力转移中的经验。文章最后提出了加快农村剩余劳动力的转移提出的四项建设性建议,即对农村土地制度政策进行有效调整、对户籍管理机制实施变革、创建城乡统一劳务市场、对当前农村保障机制进行改进与完善。
[Abstract]:As the largest populous country and agricultural country in the world, the transfer of rural agricultural labor force in China occupies a central position in its economic development and social progress. Since the reform and opening up, the rural agricultural labor force in China has begun to transfer to non-agriculture on a large scale, including local transfer and remote transfer. So far, the number of transfers has reached more than 300 million, more than at any time in history and in any other country in the world. There is no doubt that the cross-industry and cross-spatial transfer of labor force has contributed to the rapid growth of China's economy for more than 30 years. But on the other hand, the rapid and large-scale transfer has also brought about an unprecedented list of economic and social problems. The transfer of rural surplus labor force will not only be related to the development of social economy and people's livelihood in our country, but also an important element to realize the rapid development and construction of socialism in China, and it is also an important measure to change the mode of agricultural labor force. Therefore, the core of this article is to explore many problems such as the transfer of rural surplus labor force in the process of urbanization. Around this core, the paper first explains the background and significance of the topic, research ideas and research methods, investigates the domestic and foreign research status of rural surplus labor transfer in the process of urbanization, and excavates, refines and limits the theoretical basis and related concepts of the study. On this basis, this paper combs and summarizes in detail the development course and characteristics of urbanization process and rural surplus labor force mobility in China, puts forward the main problems existing in the process of rural labor force in China from the aspects of transfer channel, transfer mode, transfer effect and transfer subject, and analyzes the causes of these problems from five aspects: system, manpower, policy, environment and management. Then, from a horizontal point of view, the paper examines the experiences of developed countries, such as Britain, the United States, Japan and India, in the transfer of rural labor force. Finally, the paper puts forward four constructive suggestions to speed up the transfer of rural surplus labor force, that is, to adjust the rural land system policy effectively, to carry out the reform of household registration management mechanism, to create a unified labor market between urban and rural areas, and to improve and perfect the current rural security mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6

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