西藏区域基本公共服务均等化研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 06:26

  本文关键词：西藏区域基本公共服务均等化研究　出处：《东北大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 西藏 区域 基本公共服务均等化 制度设计

【摘要】：西藏自治区位于我国西南边陲,是我国自然与社会经济条件最特殊的一个地区,受自身恶劣的高原自然环境、偏远的地理区位、经济、人口、历史和制度设计等因素的制约,西藏区内各地区市间基本公共服务非均衡状况异常突出,与全国平均水平乃至其他民族地区差距甚大,这一问题如果不能得到有效化解,将给西藏稳定和社会发展带来巨大压力。因此,西藏实现区域基本公共服务均等化,是西藏经济社会发展的必然要求,是西藏各族人民的殷切希望,是中央乃至西藏各级人民政府的职责所在。本文以福利经济学理论为基础,结合西藏区情以及西藏区域基本公共服务非均等化的客观现实,重点围绕“西藏区域内外基本公共服务均等化水平差异究竟有多大?”以及“为什么不均等?”、“怎么办才能均等?”展开论证。论文主要内容如下：第一,提出“基本公共服务均等化是一个不能完全脱离区域自然条件、发展成本等诸多限制条件下探讨的概念和问题”这一基本观点,对基于地域特征的基本公共服务均等化概念进行了严谨界定；第二,明晰了西藏的地域特征以及宏观概况,并梳理了西藏基本公共服务的发展及取得的成就,同时就西藏区域基本公共服务均等化方面存在的问题进行了深入剖析；第三,立足西藏区情剖析了西藏区域基本公共服务均等化水平测度的特殊性,并在现有研究的基础上,参照特殊性和藏学专家意见构建了分别用于西藏区域内外比较的基本公共服务均等化考量指标体系；第四,基于西藏地域特征分析了西藏与全国平均水平及其他民族自治区基本公共服务水平的真实差距。本文特别将基本公共服务投入指标进行了投入成本消减前后的比较,发现差异很大,消减投入成本后西藏基本公共服务投入与其他区域的差距大幅增加,而以往涉及西藏基本公共服务均等化的研究,由于未作成本消减,显著高估了西藏的均等化水平；第五,运用变异系数法与泰尔指数法分析了西藏区域内部基本公共服务项目和财力均等化的差异程度。研究发现,西藏区内基础教育相对较均等,公共医疗卫生相对不均等,社保就业较为不均等,公共投入不均等化差异最大；西藏藏中南、藏东南、藏西北各区域内的财力差异远远大于三大区域间的差异,为未来公共服务支出结构调整指明了方向；第六,从独特的地域条件、区域经济发展失衡、制度设计缺陷、政府协作治理失效四个方面对西藏区域基本公共服务非均等化问题进行全面解析,并在综合各成因的基础上,运用基于面板数据的回归计量模型对影响西藏区域基本公共服务非均等化的可量化成因进行了实证检验。参照模型检验结果,并在理论分析的基础上,提出了推进西藏区域基本公共服务均等化的前提、根本、关键、制度保障、合理选择和助推器等系统性政策建议,对于提升西藏区域基本公共服务均等化水平,促进区内各地市可持续协调发展,乃至提高西藏整体公共服务供给效率,推进西藏跨越式发展和长治久安具有一定的指导和参考价值。
[Abstract]:The Tibet autonomous region is located in the southwest of China, is one of the areas of China's special natural and social economic conditions, by their own harsh plateau environment, remote geographical location, economic, population, history and control system design, the area of Tibet city in the area of basic public services among the non balanced state of abnormal highlight the gap with the national average level and other ethnic areas is very large, if this problem can not be effectively resolved, will give stability and social development in Tibet has brought enormous pressure. Therefore, Tibet regional basic public service equalization, is the inevitable requirement of economic and social development in Tibet, is the earnest hope that the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet, is the people's governments at all levels in Tibet and the central responsibility. On the basis of the theory of welfare economics, according to Tibet's actual situation as well as the objective reality of non equalization of basic public services in the Tibet area Focus on the differences, equal access to basic public services in Tibet area and the level of how much? "And" why not equal? "," how to equal? "The argument. The main contents are as follows: first, put forward the" equalization of basic public services is a not completely out of the natural conditions, the the basic concepts and issues of development costs and many other restrictions on the equalization of basic public service concept based on regional features a rigorous definition; second, clear the Tibet regional characteristics and macro situation, and analyzes the development of Tibet basic public services and achievements, in-depth analysis at the same time equalization of basic public services in Tibet regional problems; third, based on the regional situation in Tibet analysis of the Tibet regional equalization of basic public service level measurement. Is special, and on the basis of existing research, according to the particularity and Tibetology expert opinions were constructed for the Tibet region and the equalization of basic public service index system; fourth, the real gap between Tibet regional characteristics analysis of Tibet and the national average level and other ethnic autonomous region basic public service level based on this paper. The basic public service index of investment cost comparison before and after, found great differences, Tibet basic public services cost cuts into the gap with other regions increased significantly, while the previous studies involving Tibet equalization of basic public services, not because of cost reduction, significantly overestimated the level of equalization of Tibet; fifth, using the method of variation coefficient and Theil index method to analyze the differences of basic public services within the region of Tibet and the financial equalization process . study found that the Tibet area of basic education is relatively equal, the relative health inequality, social security and employment are not equal, the equalization of public investment not the biggest difference; Tibet south southeast Tibet, Tibet, financial differences in various regions in northwestern Tibet is far greater than the differences of the three region, pointed out the direction for the the future of public service expenditure structure adjustment; sixth, from the unique geographical conditions, the imbalance of regional economic development, the system design flaws, government cooperative governance failure in four aspects of the Tibet regional non equalization of basic public services for comprehensive analysis, and based on the causes, using the regression model of panel data on the effects of Tibet regional non equalization of basic public services can be quantified causes empirically. Based on reference model test results, and on the basis of theoretical analysis, put forward to promote Tibet regional The premise of the equalization of basic public services, key, system security, rational selection and system of boosters and other policy recommendations to promote Tibet regional equalization of basic public service level, promote the sustainable development in the region around the city of Tibet, and improve the overall efficiency of the supply of public services, promote leapfrog development of Tibet and has a long period of stability the guidance and reference value.

【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D630
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本文编号：1358576