中国农村金融区域发展差异与影响因素研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 06:31

本文关键词：中国农村金融区域发展差异与影响因素研究　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2013年国家一号文件再次将视角投向了三农问题，文件中将改善农村金融服务提到了现代农业发展的主要任务当中。随着经济发展水平的提升，“三农”问题逐渐成为影响社会均衡发展的重要问题，而其解决的根源在于合理地进行资源配置。金融资源作为基础资源中最为重要的一项之一，，无疑会起到不可忽视的作用。农村金融在近年来取得了较快的发展，尤其是东部发达地区，农商银行、小额信贷公司、农村合作金融机构等多样化农村金融主体不断涌现，西部地区随着经济发展水平的提升，农业对资金的需求也在不断攀升。与此同时，农村金融的区域发展差异问题却阻碍了农村金融的发展速率，东部地区的资金充裕却运转不畅，西部地区资金匮乏无法满足其金融需求，为了减轻这种差异造成的损失，不均衡的农村金融发展亟待改善。均衡的金融发展是合理配置金融资源的重要途径，目前我国农村金融发展的区域差异是客观存在的，只是其差异的程度是不断波动和变化的，在这种情况下，对农村金融区域发展差异的研究则成为了必然。基于以上研究背景和研究目的，本文利用金融发展和区域金融理论的相关研究成果，以我国农村金融区域发展差异为研究对象，首先从农村金融总量、农村金融深化程度、农村金融结构三个视角分析了我国农村金融区域发展差异的概况，然后对影响农村金融区域发展差异的三大因素（包括区域经济不均衡、农村金融制度缺陷、农村金融生态环境）进行了细致分析。在理论和简单定量分析的基础上，本文从科学测度角度运用泰尔指数方法对我国农村金融区域发展差异的程度和差异根本所在进行了度量，并基于第三章的分析结论构建了影响其区域差异的计量模型，对其具体影响因素进行了实证分析，以期深入了解农村金融区域发展差异的演化动因。研究表明：我国农村金融区域发展差异现象存在且较为严重，从金融总量、金融深化程度和金融结构三个角度分析可知，农村金融区域发展差异呈扩大趋势，东部地区农村金融发展水平远高于中西部地区；基于泰尔指数的分析可知，三大区域的差异水平显现在波动中扩大的运行规律；从差异分解的情况来看，区域间差异远小于区域内差异，区域内差异在一定程度上决定了总体差异的水平。地区教育水平、地区商品交易效率、地区信息化水平、地区政策支持和金融市场交易效率对金融相关比率均有影响，验证了本文对农村金融区域发展差异影响因素的一些假设。地区经济发展水平对金融发展有微弱的反向作用。上一期的农村金融发展水平对本期的农村金融发展影响是非常显著的，地区农村金融发展的差距存在不断扩大的迹象。基于对以上结论的分析，促使农村金融区域均衡发展的具体途径主要有：对于政府而言，可以通过财政支持、提高市场开放程度和地区市场化程度等促进地区农村金融发展的均衡；关注整体的发展，加强政策引导和局部支持的力度，促进地区经济发展水平和区位发展水平的同等提升；提升农村金融整体发展水平，改变人民对农村金融区域发展差异重要性的认知；针对不同的区域建立不同的金融制度，以适应地区金融发展水平。
[Abstract]:The 2013 national document again focuses on the issue of agriculture, the document will improve financial services in rural areas refers to the main task of the development of modern agriculture. With the improvement of the level of economic development, the "three rural issues" has gradually become an important problem affecting social balanced development, and its solution lies in rational allocation of resources and financial resources. As a basic resource in one of the most important items, will undoubtedly play a role can not be ignored. The rural finance has made rapid development in recent years, especially in the eastern developed area, rural commercial bank, microfinance companies, rural cooperative financial institutions such as the diversification of rural financial players are emerging in the western region with the level of economic development enhance the demand for agricultural funds is also rising. At the same time, the problem of regional development difference of rural finance has hindered the rural finance The development of the eastern region of the capital adequacy rate, but do not work properly, the lack of funds to meet the financial needs of the western region, in order to reduce the losses caused by this difference, the development of rural financial imbalance needs to be improved. The equilibrium of financial development is the important way to the rational allocation of financial resources, the regional differences of China's rural financial development is the objective existence, just the difference degree is fluctuant and change, in this case, the research on the differences of regional development in rural finance has become inevitable.
The purpose of the above research background and research based on the relevant research results of financial development and regional financial theory, the regional rural financial development difference in China as the research object, firstly, from the total amount of rural finance, rural financial deepening, three from the perspective of rural financial structure analysis of the development of rural financial regional difference in China, and then three main influencing factors of regional development in rural finance (including the difference of regional economy is not balanced, defects in rural financial system of rural financial ecological environment) are analyzed in detail. Based on the theory of simple and quantitative analysis, this paper from the perspective of scientific measure based on Theil index method on the development of rural financial regional difference in China and the degree of difference the essence of measurement and analysis, the conclusion of the third chapter based on the impact of building the econometric model of the regional differences of the specific influencing factors In order to understand the evolution motivation of the rural financial regional development differences, the empirical analysis is made.
Research shows that the phenomenon of regional differences in the development of rural finance in China and there is more serious, from the total finance, financial deepening and financial structure of the three angle analysis shows that the differences of regional development in rural finance is expanding, the development level of rural finance in eastern region is much higher than that in the western region; analysis of the Theil index shows that based on the differences in the level of three areas appear in the fluctuations in the expansion of operating rules; from the decomposition of the situation, the regional differences are far less than the regional differences, regional differences to a certain extent determines the difference of the overall level. The education level of the region, regional commodity trading efficiency, informatization level of the region, regional policy support and financial market efficiency the financial ratios are verified based on some assumptions affect the difference of regional development in rural finance factors. The level of regional economic development Financial development has a slight reverse effect. The development level of rural finance in the last period has a significant impact on the development of rural finance in this period, and there is a growing trend in the gap between rural financial development in rural areas.
Based on the analysis of the above conclusion, the specific ways to promote rural financial regional development are: for the government, through financial support, improve the degree of market opening degree of the market and promote the development of rural finance in the area of equilibrium; attention to the overall development, strengthen policy guidance and support local efforts to promote equal the level of regional economic development and regional development level; enhance the level of development of rural financial, change people's perception of the importance of regional differences in financial development in rural areas; to establish the financial system in different regions, in order to adapt to the level of regional financial development.

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35

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