人力资本和资源禀赋对我国经济发展绩效的影响效应研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 04:28

本文选题：经济发展绩效 + 人力资本　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：依托人力资本的内生增长方式与依赖资源禀赋的经济发展策略对于经济发展绩效的影响既是重要的实践命题，也是学术界常议常新的经典问题。应当注意到，从可持续发展的角度上，中国经济转型过程中将面临着人力资本所代表的内生增长和依托资源禀赋所代表的传统式增长的博弈。从经济实践与学术研究的角度上，研究人力资本、资源禀赋与经济发展之间的关系是必要而迫切的。本文在节能减排约束的框架下使用非参数数据包络分析方法重新测算了各省级行政单位的经济发展绩效，在此基础上，通过筛选人力资本与资源禀赋的潜在代理变量，使用经典的DEA-Tobit两阶段模型研究了人力资本与资源禀赋对于经济发展绩效的影响效应。论文的主要研究结论与创新之处如下：首先，在考虑了节能减排约束后，1997-2012年中国省级经济发展绩效存在广泛而普遍的低效率与无效率。这佐证了中国经济的粗放式增长。从时间跨度上看，样本期前半部分各省区的经济发展绩效都存在下降的趋势，这可能与当时高能耗、高污染的重工业化再次“抬头”有关，而样本期的后半部经济发展绩效有所提高，这可能与节能减排政策的实施等有关。从区域层面上看，，东中西部的经济发展绩效存在梯度差，即东部高于中西部。从变动形态与演进趋势上看，在1997、2005、2012三个时间节点上，各省区经济发展绩效大体呈现出“多峰”—“双峰”—“双峰”的变动轨迹，并且还存在收敛情形。其次，考察期内全国层面、高资源禀赋地区和低资源禀赋地区分样本中，资源禀赋与经济发展绩效均存在稳定、微弱的负相关关系。即从省级层面上看，“资源诅咒”在中国的有效性是值得商榷的。依托人力资本的内生增长对于不同资源禀赋丰裕程度地区的正向促进作用存在区域异质性，即便这种正向提升效应是极为微弱的。更进一步，人力资本的积累对于弱化资源禀赋与经济发展绩效之间存在的负向关系具有重要影响。总体上，资源禀赋对于人力资本确实存在某种“挤出效应”，但相对而言，资源禀赋对于高层次人力资本的“挤出效应”更为强烈。在谨慎的考虑了模型可能存在的潜在内生问题以及相应稳健性检验，资源禀赋与经济发展绩效、人力资本与经济发展绩效的关系依旧是稳定和可靠的。本文的创新之处在于，从“推力”与“阻力”的角度同时将人力资本与资源禀赋纳入经济发展绩效的分析框架，并优化了人力资本、经济发展绩效的测度方式。
[Abstract]:The influence of endogenous growth mode relying on human capital and the economic development strategy relying on resource endowment on economic development performance is not only an important practical proposition, but also a classical problem often discussed in academic circles.It should be noted that, from the perspective of sustainable development, China will face the game of endogenous growth represented by human capital and traditional growth based on resource endowment in the process of economic transformation.From the angle of economic practice and academic research, it is necessary and urgent to study the relationship between human capital, resource endowment and economic development.Under the framework of energy saving and emission reduction constraints, this paper re-measures the economic development performance of provincial administrative units by using non-parametric data envelopment analysis method, and on this basis, through screening the potential agency variables of human capital and resource endowment.This paper studies the effects of human capital and resource endowment on economic development performance using the classical DEA-Tobit two-stage model.The main conclusions and innovations of the thesis are as follows:Firstly, after taking into account the constraints of energy saving and emission reduction, the performance of provincial economic development in China from 1997 to 2012 has a wide range of low efficiency and no efficiency.This corroborates the extensive growth of the Chinese economy.In terms of time span, the economic development performance of the provinces and regions in the first half of the sample period has a downward trend, which may be related to the resurgence of heavy industry with high energy consumption and high pollution at that time.The performance of economic development in the second half of the sample period is improved, which may be related to the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction policies.At the regional level, the economic development performance of the east, west and west is worse, that is, the eastern part is higher than the central and western regions.From the point of view of the change form and evolution trend, on the three time nodes of 1997 / 2005 / 2012, the economic development performance of the provinces and regions shows the track of "multi-peak", "double peak" and "double peak", and there is convergence.Secondly, at the national level, there is a stable and weak negative correlation between resource endowment and economic development performance in the sample of high resource endowment region and low resource endowment area.That is, from the provincial level, the effectiveness of the resource curse in China is open to question.The endogenous growth based on human capital has regional heterogeneity for the positive promotion of regions with different resource endowments, even though the positive promotion effect is very weak.Furthermore, the accumulation of human capital plays an important role in weakening the negative relationship between resource endowment and economic development performance.On the whole, resource endowment does have some "crowding out effect" on human capital, but the "crowding out effect" of resource endowment on high-level human capital is more intense.In careful consideration of the potential endogenous problems and the corresponding robustness test, the relationship between resource endowment and economic development performance, human capital and economic development performance is still stable and reliable.The innovation of this paper is that from the angle of "thrust" and "resistance", human capital and resource endowment are brought into the analytical framework of economic development performance, and the measurement method of human capital and economic development performance is optimized.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.2;F124;F205

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