改革开放以来我国基础体育教育改革价值取向变迁的研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 00:57

本文关键词： 改革开放基础体育教育教育改革价值取向变迁　出处：《湖南师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文是对改革开放以来,我国基础体育教育改革的变迁,以及从这种变迁过程中探讨每一阶段体育教育改革的价值取向。因此本研究通过相关文献的统计分析,从政治、经济、文化等社会背景的发展变化出发,试图对基础学校体育和基础体育教育改革的推进历程进行诠释与分析,并注重不同时期的基础体育教育改革的内容对价值取向的影响,理性的进行评价与反思,探究基础体育教育更加合理的发展方向。以史为鉴,可知兴衰。对于历史的回顾,有助于创新,更能促进基础体育教育改革的深入发展。本文结论是:1、纵观我国基础体育教育改革和价值取向的变迁,经历了三个阶段:恢复调整阶段(1978一1991)主导价值取向是“体质体育”;探索过渡阶段,主导价值取向(1992一2000)是“素质体育”和“终身体育”;全面改革和快速发展阶段(2001--至今)主导价值取向是以“健康第一”为目的的“人本体育”。2、价值取向变迁的特点:从体育教育目标角度看实现了由由单一的价值取向向多元价值取向的转变,即由单方面的“社会本位”或“知识本位”价值取向向多元的“社会、知识、个人”三位一体的价值取向转变;从体育教学性质角度实现了由“工具性”价值取向向“内在性”价值取向的转变;从体育教育自身发展角度实现了由技能体育向体质体育、体质体育向素质体育、素质体育向终身体育、终身体育向人本体育价值取向的逐步转变。3、我国的基础体育教育价值取向变迁的矛盾与冲突:价值主体间“二元对立”的价值冲突;改革过程中“应然”与“实然”价值的冲突。这种冲突的出现反映了我国基础体育教育改革价值取向变迁的必然性。4、影响我国基础体育教育改革价值取向变迁的主要因素有内部根源和外部根源。内部根源是基础体育教育改革中同一主体的多元需求导致价值选择两难。外部根源是基础体育教育的多样性,即不同主体之间价值选择的矛盾,社会政治、经济、文化、教育等发展环境多样化的影响等。5、本文建议基础学校体育教育要回归“生活世界”,体育教育教学实现真实生活情境转化;在未来的基础体育教育中要继续追求“人本体育”价值取向,注重“生命体育、生存体育和生活体育”价值追求;同时基础体育教育要注重人文精神的体现,传承体育文化,从理论到行动;我国基础体育教育改革及价值取向的选择上要着眼于未来社会发展的需要,注重知识、社会和个人三位一体的价值取向,着力构建学校、家庭、社会三位一体的基础学校体育教育新格局,以追求阶段效益和长远效益相结合;在未来的价值取向选择上要面向社会发展新需要,因材施教,兼顾学生的体质、心理、个性、体育兴趣、社会责任感和体育文化等各个方面的需要。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the changes of basic physical education reform in China since the reform and opening up, and discusses the value orientation of physical education reform in every stage from this change process. Based on the development and change of culture and other social backgrounds, this paper attempts to explain and analyze the course of the reform of basic school physical education and basic physical education, and pays attention to the influence of the content of basic physical education reform on the value orientation in different periods. Rational evaluation and reflection, explore the basic physical education more reasonable direction of development. Learn from history, we can see the rise and fall. The review of history, conducive to innovation, This paper concludes that the reform of basic physical education and the changes of value orientation in China are reviewed. It has gone through three stages: the stage of recovery and adjustment from 1978 to 1991) the dominant value orientation is "physique sports", and the stage of exploration and transition, Leading value orientation (1992-2000) is "quality sports" and "lifelong sports"; overall reform and rapid development stage (2001-2000); leading value orientation is "people-oriented sports" .2with the aim of "health first", the change of value orientation is special. Point: from the point of view of the goal of physical education, the transformation from the single value orientation to the multiple value orientation has been realized. That is, from the unilateral value orientation of "social standard" or "knowledge standard" to the pluralistic value orientation of "society, knowledge and individual"; From the point of view of the nature of physical education, it realizes the transformation from "instrumental" value orientation to "intrinsic" value orientation, from the point of view of the development of physical education itself, from skill sports to physique sports, physique sports to quality sports. Quality sports to lifelong sports, life-long sports to people-oriented sports value orientation of gradual transformation. 3, China's basic physical education value orientation changes of contradictions and conflicts: value between the main body of "dual opposition" value conflict; The conflict between "ought" and "real" value in the process of reform, which reflects the inevitability of the change of value orientation in the reform of basic physical education in our country, and influences the change of value orientation of reform of basic physical education in our country. The main factors are internal and external. The internal root is the value choice dilemma caused by the multiple demands of the same subject in the reform of basic physical education, and the external root is the diversity of basic physical education. That is, the contradiction of value choice between different subjects, social politics, economy, culture, This paper suggests that physical education in basic schools should return to the "life world" and realize the transformation of the real life situation in the physical education teaching. In the future basic physical education, we should continue to pursue the value orientation of "humanistic sports", attach importance to the value pursuit of "life sports, survival sports and life sports", at the same time, basic physical education should pay attention to the embodiment of humanistic spirit and inherit sports culture. From theory to action, the reform of basic physical education and the choice of value orientation in our country should focus on the needs of future social development, pay attention to the value orientation of knowledge, society and individual, and focus on the construction of schools and families. The new pattern of physical education in basic schools, which is a trinity of society, should be combined with the pursuit of stage and long-term benefits, and the choice of value orientation in the future should be geared to the new needs of social development, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, giving consideration to students' physique, psychology and individuality, Sports interests, social responsibility and sports culture and other aspects of the needs.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G633.96

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