东北绿色经济政策比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 21:21

本文关键词：东北绿色经济政策比较研究　出处：《吉林财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在过去传统的粗放型经济增长模式下,东北地区由于产业结构和技术上的落后,资源浪费及污染严重,消耗了原有的丰富资源,也破坏自然环境,随着振兴东北老工业基地战略的推进,这种发展方式对资源需求量越来越大,造成的污染也越来越严重,长此以往,不但将对生态环境造成更大和更严重的破坏甚至威胁到人们的生活,而且这种发展方式也难以维持。因此,制定相关绿色经济政策,调整经济绿色发展,成为当务之急。本文运用西方经济学、生态经济学和区域经济学理论知识,总结发展绿色经济的财政政策、金融政策、环境政策和产业政策的相关研究文献,并结合实际发展经验进行分析。首先总结了西方发达国家的绿色相关政策。西方发达国家在环境治理上取得了巨大成就,通过分析绿色经济发展效果相对较好的德国、法国和丹麦等国的绿色经济政策的共性方面,发现他们都积极利用财税政策调节经济绿色发展的方式,并通过政策支持推动绿色技术创新、引导公众参与环保,同时借助市场机制实现绿色政策效应,多角度、全方面的促进了绿色经济的发展。其次,总结了我国较发达地区——长三角地区绿色政策实施的情况,长三角地区经济发展较快,且环境问题也很突出,在保护环境发展绿色经济方面进行了很多探索,实行了一些特色政策,如细化环境政策标准,灵活运用财政金融政策鼓励企业绿色发展,积极发展污染治理等绿色产业,尝试二氧化硫排污权交易,开展长三角污染防治的区域合作等。最后,对比分析东北地区绿色经济发展中存在的不足。东北三省缺乏完整灵活全面的政策体系,在各个地方法规的颁布情况就明显呈现出数量较少、涵盖不广、特指性不强的问题。在能源利用和污染治理投入方面,东北三省对工业污染治理的投入远低于长三角地区,而且东北三省能源利用率也较长三角地区低,存在对资源能源的利用率不高、技术落后的问题。同时,东北三省对污染排放政策过于单一,只对污染排放制定了一定的限制标准,使得东北地区主要污染物的排放变动情况不断波动。根据当前东北三省绿色政策存在的不足,借鉴西方发达国家成熟的绿色经济政策体系构建经验,对东北三省的绿色经济政策提出五点建议:完善环境政策标准体系、制定多样化产业政策、加大财政政策和金融政策的扶持力度、积极寻求东三省绿色经济政策合作、完善绿色政策软环境。
[Abstract]:In the past the traditional extensive economic growth model Northeast China because of the industrial structure and technical backwardness the waste of resources and serious pollution consumption of the original rich resources but also damage to the natural environment. With the promotion of the strategy of revitalizing the old industrial base in Northeast China, the demand for resources is increasing and the pollution is becoming more and more serious in the long run. Not only will the ecological environment cause greater and more serious damage and even threaten people's lives, but also this way of development is difficult to maintain. Therefore, to formulate relevant green economic policies, adjust the green development of the economy. This paper uses the theories of western economics, ecological economics and regional economics to sum up the relevant research documents of fiscal policy, financial policy, environmental policy and industrial policy for the development of green economy. And combined with the actual development experience of the analysis. First summarized the green policies of western developed countries. Western developed countries have made great achievements in environmental governance. By analyzing the common aspects of green economy policies of Germany, France and Denmark, which have relatively good effect of green economy development, it is found that they all actively use fiscal and taxation policies to adjust the way of green economic development. And through policy support to promote green technology innovation, guide the public to participate in environmental protection, at the same time with the help of market mechanisms to achieve green policy effect, multi-angle, all aspects of promoting the development of green economy. Secondly. Summed up the implementation of green policy in the more developed areas of China-Yangtze River Delta region, the Yangtze River Delta region economic development is fast, and environmental problems are also very prominent, in the protection of the environment to develop a green economy for a lot of exploration. Some special policies have been implemented, such as refinement of environmental policy standards, flexible use of fiscal and financial policies to encourage green development of enterprises, active development of green industries such as pollution control, and attempts to trade sulfur dioxide emission rights. Finally, the comparative analysis of the deficiencies in the development of green economy in Northeast China. The three Northeast provinces lack of a complete, flexible and comprehensive policy system. In the various local laws and regulations on the promulgation of a clear number of less, not covered, specifically not strong issues. In energy use and pollution control input. The investment in industrial pollution control in the three Northeast provinces is far lower than that in the Yangtze River Delta region, and the energy utilization ratio of the three Northeast provinces is also lower than that in the Yangtze River Delta region, which has the problems of low utilization ratio of resources and energy and backward technology. The three northeastern provinces have a single policy on pollution emissions, and only set a certain limit standard for pollution emissions. According to the shortcomings of the green policy of the three provinces in Northeast China, we can learn from the experience of the mature green economy policy system of the western developed countries. Put forward five suggestions to the green economy policy of the three northeast provinces: perfect the environmental policy standard system, formulate the diversified industry policy, increase the support of the fiscal policy and the financial policy. Actively seek green economic policy cooperation in the three eastern provinces, improve the soft environment of green policy.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F127

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