资本充足率对我国信贷和经济的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 18:03

本文选题：资本充足率 + 信贷规模　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：金融危机过后,巴塞尔协议Ⅲ出台。巴塞尔协议Ⅲ提出了资本监管的新要求,这将有助于银行防范风险,抵御金融危机的发生。但巴塞尔协议Ⅲ的资本充足率要求令很多银行有融资压力,为了达到最低资本充足要求,许多银行都不得不采取紧缩信贷的措施,而银行信贷的紧缩直接关系到社会投资,社会投资的减少会对宏观经济产生不利影响。从历史来看,很多国家和地区实施了资本充足率监管后,都会出现不同程度的信贷紧缩,从而影响到经济增长。当前,中国也参照巴塞尔协议Ⅲ,出台了《商业银行资本管理办法》,全面构建资本充足率监管框架。我国企业的主要资金来源是银行贷款,当银行为了满足最低资本充足率监管的要求而提高自身资本充足率时,银行信贷的紧缩将会直接到影响社会投资,从而影响经济。因此,研究资本充足率监管对信贷和经济的影响十分重要。本文共分为五章。第一章是绪论,主要分了四个部分：第一部分介绍了研究背景,包括了金融危机的介绍,巴塞尔协议的内容以及演变,巴塞尔协议在中国的实施进程；第二部分介绍了本文的研究意义；第三部分介绍了本文的研究目标和思路；第四部分介绍了本文的创新点和难点。第二章为文献综述,主要回顾了国内外专家在这方面的研究成果。具体来说,这方面的研究可以集中在三个方面：资本充足率监管产生的信贷紧缩及其对经济影响的研究；资本充足率监管对货币政策的影响研究；资本充足率监管的顺周期性对信贷和经济的影响研究。本章通过对这三个方面的相关文献的介绍,说明了这些理论的起源和发展过程,为下一部分的理论分析做准备。第三章为理论分析部分,通过理论分析来说明资本充足率对信贷和经济的影响,具体来说,资本充足率监管将会产生信贷紧缩效应,货币政策效应和顺周期效应来影响信贷和经济。首先,信贷紧缩效应是指资本充足率的提高可以直接影响银行的信贷规模从而对经济产生影响,即资本充足率→信贷规模→经济增长；其次,货币政策效应是指资本充足率监管将会影响货币政策传导机制进而对信贷和经济产生影响,即货币政策→银行资本→资本充足率→信贷规模→经济增长。货币政策效应主要通过三个渠道来进行的,分别是资产负债表渠道,银行信贷渠道和银行资本渠道；最后,顺周期效应指资本充足率监管对于宏观经济具有同方向的推进作用。具体来说,就是在经济周期的上升阶段,资本管制将会促使宏观经济更加上升,在经济周期的下降阶段,将促使宏观经济更明显下降。第四章为实证分析,利用了我国2008年到2012年的季度数据,选取商业银行资本充足率,商业银行总贷款量和GDP三个变量进行实证研究,通过实证检验研究了资本充足率的变动对其余两个变量的影响,结果发现,对于我国近儿年来说,资本充足率的提高对信贷规模和经济都会有一定的负面效果,但是对于经济影响的负面效果不是很明显。第五章为结论和政策建议,给出了本文的主要结论和政策建议。本文最终的结论是商业银行资本充足率的提高会造成信贷紧缩,从而制约经济的增长,政策建议则是分别从监管部门和商业银行两个方面,提出了在加强资本充足率监管,提高银行防范风险能力的同时,减少资本充足率提高对信贷规模和经济发展负面影响的具体措施。
[Abstract]:After the financial crisis, Basel 3 introduced. Put forward new requirements of the regulatory capital of Basel III, which will help banks to prevent risks, to resist the financial crisis. But the Basel III capital adequacy requirements that many banks are financing pressure, in order to achieve the minimum capital adequacy requirements, many banks have had to tighten credit measures, while bank credit crunch is directly related to social investment, reduce social investment will have a negative impact on the economy. From the historical point of view, many countries and regions in the implementation of the regulation of capital adequacy ratio, will have varying degrees of credit crunch, which affects the economic growth.
At present, Chinese referring to Basel 3, issued a "commercial bank capital management measures", build a comprehensive regulatory capital adequacy framework. Our main source of funding for enterprises to bank loans, as banks in order to meet the requirements of the minimum capital adequacy ratio supervision and improve their capital adequacy ratio, the bank credit crunch will directly the influence of social investment, thus affecting the economy. Therefore, the capital adequacy ratio of the regulatory impact on credit and economy is very important.
This article is divided into five chapters.
The first chapter is the introduction, mainly divided into four parts: the first part introduces the research background, including the financial crisis, the Basel agreement and the implementation process of evolution, the Basel agreement in Chinese; the second part introduces the significance of this study; the third part introduces the research goals and ideas of this paper; the fourth part introduces in this paper, the innovation and difficulty.
The second chapter is literature review, mainly reviews the domestic and foreign experts in this area of research. Specifically, this research can focus on three aspects: Research on the regulation of capital adequacy ratio of the credit crunch and the impact of the economy; Study on capital adequacy regulation impact on monetary policy; research on influence of periodic credit and economy along the capital adequacy regulation. This chapter through the relevant literature on the three aspects of the introduction, explains the origin and development process of the theory, to prepare for the next part of the theoretical analysis.
The third chapter is the theoretical analysis, through theoretical analysis to illustrate the impact of capital adequacy ratio on credit and economy in particular, will the regulation of capital adequacy ratio leads to credit tightening effect, the effect of monetary policy and the procyclical effects to the impact of credit and economy. First, the credit crunch effect refers to the increase of capital ratio can directly affect the bank the size of the credit so as to affect the economy, namely capital adequacy, credit scale and economic growth; secondly, the effect of monetary policy refers to the regulation of capital adequacy ratio will affect the transmission mechanism of monetary policy and the impact on credit and economy, monetary policy, bank capital adequacy ratio capital flashball credit scale, the effect of monetary growth. The policy mainly through three channels, namely the balance sheet channel, bank credit channel and bank capital channel; finally, cyclical The effect is that the supervision of capital adequacy ratio has a promoting role in the same direction for the macro-economy. Specifically, in the rising stage of the economic cycle, capital control will promote the macro-economy to increase. In the declining stage of the economic cycle, the macro economy will go down more obviously.
The fourth chapter is the empirical analysis, using quarterly data of China from 2008 to 2012, from the capital adequacy ratio of commercial banks, the total amount of loans of commercial banks and GDP three variables for empirical research, through the empirical test of the capital adequacy ratio changes to the other two variables influence results for recent in our country, raise capital adequacy will have some negative effects on the credit scale and economic, but the negative effect on the economic impact is not obvious.
The fifth chapter is the conclusion and policy suggestions are given in this paper, the main conclusions and policy suggestions. The final conclusion of this paper is to improve the capital adequacy ratio of commercial banks will cause the credit crunch, which restricts economic growth, policy suggestions are respectively from two aspects of supervision departments and commercial banks, put forward to strengthen the regulation of capital adequacy ratio and improve the bank risk prevention ability at the same time, reduce the capital adequacy ratio of specific measures to improve the negative impact on the credit scale and economic development.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F832.4;F124.1

【参考文献】