环境污染、经济增长与医疗卫生服务对公共健康的影响分析——基于中国省际面板数据的研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 00:54

本文选题：环境污染 + 经济增长　；参考：《中国管理科学》2015年07期

【摘要】：环境污染与经济增长对居民的公共健康水平有重要影响,但基于面板数据对此问题分区域的研究较少。本文在Grossman健康生产函数的基础上加入环境污染等多重因素,使用中国30个省市区1997年到2010年的面板数据,建立个体固定效应模型,将我国划分为东部、中部和西部三个区域,实证分析了环境污染、经济增长与医疗卫生服务对不同区域居民公共健康的影响及其差异。研究发现:环境污染、经济增长、医疗卫生服务与居民公共健康存在长期均衡的协整关系,经济增长与全国、东部和中部的公共健康关系呈现倒U型的特征;具体而言:东部区域,曲线已达到拐点,中部区域,当人均GDP为3311元时,曲线达到拐点;全国以及东、中、西部区域,工业烟尘排放量与人口死亡率呈正向关关系,工业二氧化硫排放量与人口死亡率只在中部地区显著正相关;全国、东部和中部区域人均医生数与人口死亡率呈显著负相关,西部地区未呈现这一特性;人均医疗保健支出与人口死亡率在中部地区显著负相关,医疗卫生服务可有效减少环境污染对居民的健康威胁。因此,制定差别化的环境污染、经济增长与医疗服务政策等有利于提升全国以及东中西部居民的公共健康水平。
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution and economic growth have an important impact on the public health level of residents, but based on panel data, there is little research on the sub-region of the problem. In this paper, based on the health production function of Grossman, using the panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities from 1997 to 2010, we establish a model of individual fixed effect, and divide our country into three regions: east, middle and west. The effects of environmental pollution, economic growth and medical and health services on the public health of residents in different regions and their differences were analyzed empirically. It is found that there is a long-term equilibrium cointegration relationship between environmental pollution, economic growth, medical and health services and public health of residents, and the relationship between economic growth and public health in the whole country, the east and the middle of the country shows the characteristics of inverted U shape. Specifically, in the eastern region, the curve has reached the inflection point, and in the central region, when the per capita GDP is 3311 yuan, the curve has reached the inflection point; in the whole country and in the eastern, central and western regions, the emissions of industrial smoke and dust have a positive correlation with the mortality rate of the population. There was only a significant positive correlation between the discharge of industrial sulfur dioxide and the mortality rate in the central region, but there was a significant negative correlation between the number of doctors per capita and the mortality rate in the eastern and central regions of China, but not in the western region. There is a significant negative correlation between the per capita health care expenditure and the population mortality in the central region. Medical and health services can effectively reduce the health threat to the residents caused by environmental pollution. Therefore, the establishment of differential environmental pollution, economic growth and medical service policies is conducive to improving the public health level of the whole country, as well as the residents of the east, west, west and west.
【作者单位】：北京理工大学管理与经济学院;太原学院;
【基金】：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-11-0792) 国家自然科学基金资助项目(71272057,70972006)
【分类号】：R195;F124.1;X503.1

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