新疆霍尔果斯口岸经济研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 19:05

本文选题：经济 + 口岸经济　；参考：《中央民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,特别是近几年来,霍尔果斯口岸凭借其口岸特有的地缘优势,对外开放不断扩大,贸易结构逐步优化,并带动了出口加工、金融、旅游业的发展,经济整体呈快速发展趋势。但也存在规模小、档次低、基础脆弱、发展粗放等问题。贸易方式单一、结构不合理,进口以资源能源型原材料为主、出口以满足一般消费的低端产品为主；加工、旅游还处于起步阶段。经济结构不合理、基础设施落后、功能不足问题明显,转型升级困难。中央新疆工作座谈会和2011年国务院批准霍尔果斯为国家级经济开发区,在财政、税收、项目、功能等方面给予霍尔果斯新的扶持政策,使得霍尔果斯口岸的地位和作用尤为突出。《国务院关于支持喀什霍尔果斯经济开发区建设的若干意见》(国发(2011]33号)明确提出,要把霍尔果斯建设成为我国向西开放的重要窗口和推动新疆跨越式发展新的经济增长点,推动形成我国“陆上开放”与“海上开放”并重的对外开放新格局。特别是霍尔果斯口岸位于陇海-兰新线经济带及中亚地理中心位置,是新亚欧大陆桥国内部分的西桥头堡,具备与国内沿海发达城市、成熟市场和中亚国家建立链接的便捷条件,有利于促进国内、国外经济要素的流入和聚集。这些都为霍尔果斯实现跨越式发展迎来了新的机遇。霍尔果斯口岸既有自身链接“两种资源”、“两个市场”的地缘优势、资源优势、人文优势以及国家、自治区给予的特殊扶持政策,又有来自国际、国内以及自身远离国内发达地区、交通物流成本高、基础薄弱等不利因素。面对新的机遇与挑战,霍尔果斯口岸需立足于全局和长远来进行科学定位,高起点规划口岸未来布局和发展方向。紧紧围绕口岸通关这一基础功能,通过跨区域通关合作、规范市场管理和信息化建设,加快口岸“大通关”建设步伐,营造良好口岸通关环境。进一步扩大对外开放,引导企业拓展中亚高端市场,改变贸易方式和进出口产品结构,增加高附加值、高技术含量精深加工产品的出口比重,提升对外贸易规模和层次。加快与国内发达市场链接,增加口岸功能；加大招商引资力度,承接沿海发达地区有技术、有品牌、有市场的产业转移,培育壮大金融、旅游等服务业,形成霍尔果斯新的配套产业体系。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, especially in recent years, Huoerguosi port, with its unique geographical advantages, has expanded its opening to the outside world, gradually optimized its trade structure, and led to the development of export processing, finance, tourism and the rapid development of the economy. However, there are also problems such as small scale, low grade, weak foundation, extensive development and so on. The trade mode is single, the structure is not reasonable, the import is mainly resources and energy source materials, the export is the main low end products to meet the general consumption. Processing, tourism is still in the initial stage. The economic structure is unreasonable, the infrastructure is backward, the function is insufficient and the transformation and upgrading are difficult.
The central Xinjiang work symposium and the State Council in 2011 approved Huoerguosi as the National Economic Development Zone, giving Huoerguosi new support policies in finance, taxation, projects and functions, making the status and role of Huoerguosi port particularly prominent. < State Council's opinions on supporting the construction of Huoerguosi Economic Development Zone in Kashi. (2011]33) has made it clear that the construction of Huoerguosi should be an important window for China's opening to the West and a new economic growth point to promote the development of Xinjiang's leapfrog development, and to promote the new open pattern of opening up the "open land" and "open sea" in China. In particular, the Huoerguosi port is located in the Longhai Lanxin economic belt and the economic zone of the Longhai Lanxin line. The location of Central Asian geographic center is the Western bridgehead of the domestic part of the new Eurasian Continental Bridge. It has the convenient conditions for the establishment of links with the developed coastal cities, the mature market and the Central Asian countries, which helps to promote the inflow and aggregation of the foreign economic elements in China. These are all new opportunities for Huoerguosi to achieve leapfrog development.
Huoerguosi port has its own links "two resources", "two markets" geopolitical advantages, resources advantages, human advantages and the special support policies given by the state and autonomous region, and also from the international, domestic and itself far away from the domestic developed areas, the traffic logistics is high, the foundation is weak and other unfavorable factors. The challenge, Huoerguosi port should be based on the global and long-term scientific positioning, high starting point planning port layout and development direction. Closely around the port customs clearance this basic function, through cross regional customs clearance cooperation, standardize the market management and information construction, speed up the construction of the port "large customs clearance" construction step, create a good port customs clearance ring. Further expand opening to the outside world, guide enterprises to expand the high-end market in Central Asia, change the way of trade and import and export products, increase the proportion of high value-added, high technology and intensive processing products, enhance the scale and level of foreign trade, accelerate the connection with the domestic developed market chain, increase the port function, and increase the strength of investment and investment. In the developed coastal areas, there are technologies, brands, industrial transfer in the market, and the development of financial, tourism and other service industries to form a new supporting industrial system in Huoerguosi.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F127

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