城市轨道交通与常规公交无缝衔接评价研究

发布时间：2018-08-28 07:59

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化、机动化进程飞速发展,城市交通拥堵问题普遍成为了困扰各大城市的难题。轨道交通因其占地面积小、能耗低、污染小、运量大、耗时小等优势,普遍被世界各国所认同。同时,常规公交因其能够有效的弥补轨道交通站点密度低、可达性不高等缺陷,并且能够迅速集疏散轨道站点客流。因此,世界各大城市均把建立以轨道交通与常规公交“无缝化”衔接的公共交通体系,作为缓解城市交通拥堵的有效措施。与此同时,我国缺乏评定城市轨道交通与常规公交衔接优劣的相关法律法规和技术标准。故对城市轨道交通与常规公交无缝衔接评价进行研究很有必要。本文引入低碳角度特征分析丰富了两者的衔接关系分析,从多目标、多角度构建了轨道交通与常规公交无缝衔接指标体系,对评价方法进行了拓展创新。具体从以下三个方面展开：①将低碳引入到对城市轨道交通与常规公交特征的分析中,并结合传统的特征分析,对两者进行了综合特征比较,同时,从宏观、微观层面阐述了两者的相互关系。在上述分析的基础上,对城市轨道交通与常规公交无缝衔接的概念、内涵、特征、原则、条件及布局模式进行了分析。②以“低碳、经济、畅通、安全”为目标,在运能和效率的基础上,从集散、协同、服务、组织及发展五大能力建立基于运能和效率的轨道交通与常规公交无缝衔接评价初选指标群,利用ISM结构解析模型对初选指标体系进行了筛选,最终得到五大能力、12项指标的轨道交通与常规公交无缝衔接指标体系。③在分析传统评价方法优劣的基础上,首次在交通评价中引入非线性模糊综合评价方法,并对该方法进行了多级拓展,结合云模型标度判断矩阵的层次分析法指标权重确定方法,构建了城市轨道交通与常规公交无缝衔接基于云模型标度判断矩阵的AHP多级非线性模糊综合评价模型。最后,论文以重庆市轨道四公里为例,进行实例分析和计算,对计算结果利用灵敏度进行单指标和组合指标分析,指出该站应通过缩短换乘距离进行改善,验证了该方法的科学性和合理性。本文研究对轨道交通与常规公交衔接规划和建设具有一定的指导作用,同时也丰富了无缝衔接研究领域的理论。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization and motorization in China, urban traffic congestion has become a difficult problem that puzzles the major cities. Rail transit is generally recognized by countries all over the world because of its advantages of small area, low energy consumption, small pollution, large volume of transportation, small time consuming and so on. At the same time, bus transit can effectively compensate for the low density of rail transit stations, low accessibility, and can quickly collect the passenger flow of the evacuation rail station. Therefore, all the major cities in the world regard the establishment of a "seamless" public transport system linking rail transit and conventional public transport as an effective measure to alleviate urban traffic congestion. At the same time, our country lacks relevant laws, regulations and technical standards to evaluate the merits and demerits of urban rail transit and conventional public transport. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the seamless connection between urban rail transit and conventional public transport. In this paper, low carbon angle characteristic analysis is introduced to enrich the analysis of the connection relationship between the two. The index system of seamless connection between rail transit and conventional public transport is constructed from multi-objective and multi-angle, and the evaluation method is expanded and innovated. From the following three aspects: 1 introduces low-carbon into the analysis of the characteristics of urban rail transit and conventional public transport, and combines with the traditional characteristic analysis, makes a comprehensive comparison between the two. At the same time, from the macro perspective, At the micro level, the relationship between the two is expounded. On the basis of the above analysis, the concept, connotation, characteristics, principles, conditions and layout model of seamless connection between urban rail transit and conventional public transport are analyzed with the aim of "low carbon, economy, smooth and safe". On the basis of capacity and efficiency, the primary evaluation index group of rail transit based on capacity and efficiency is established from the five abilities of distribution, coordination, service, organization and development. The index system of primary selection is screened by using ISM structural analysis model. Finally, the seamless link index system of rail transit and conventional public transport with five abilities and 12 indexes is obtained. 3. On the basis of analyzing the merits and demerits of traditional evaluation methods, the paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of traditional evaluation methods. The nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is introduced into traffic evaluation for the first time, and the multilevel extension of the method is given, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) index weight determination method is combined with the cloud model scale judgment matrix. The multilevel nonlinear fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of AHP based on cloud model scale judgment matrix is constructed for seamless connection between urban rail transit and conventional public transport. Finally, taking the four kilometers of track in Chongqing as an example, the paper makes an example analysis and calculation, and makes a single index and a combination index analysis on the calculation result by using sensitivity, and points out that the station should be improved by shortening the transfer distance. The method is verified to be scientific and reasonable. The research in this paper has a certain guiding effect on the planning and construction of rail transit and conventional public transportation, and enriches the theory of seamless connection research field.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17;U239.5

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