加纳可持续经济适用住宅发展导则研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 09:13

本文关键词：加纳可持续经济适用住宅发展导则研究　出处：《天津大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：可持续建筑是应对全球气候变化及降低能源消耗而提出的建筑产业策略。各类基于研究的设计建造方法和标准以及实践方案不断涌现，以满足这一必然趋势。为了能够达到控制目标，发达国家已将研究成果编制成相关标准及规范，而这些标准及规范已经广泛的应用并指导其建筑产业。例如LEED（美国），BREEAM（英国）和BEPAC（加拿大）等。日本、中国和澳大利亚等国也相继出台有关可持续建筑的规范和标准，并作为重要政策或指导性文件而推广。上述规范和标准的迅速普及推广尤其体现在单体建筑项目的评级应用上。然而，在欠缺发展的国家或地区并未出现这类现象，例如加纳。这类国家对能源利用的可持续性和成本效益等认识不足。因此，可持续建筑设计及技术在这类国家尤为重要。据统计，在加纳，建筑耗费国家40%左右的能源和30%的原材料，而产生的废物（固态和液态废物）总量就占据全部废物总量的35%。（数据来源：加纳建筑与道路研究院，2008）这使得建筑业成为可持续发展关注的重要领域。同时，持续增长的人口以及快速城市化进程对住宅产业，尤其是经济适用房建设有着巨大的影响。数据表示，加纳的人口以208%的速率增长，并预计至2015年将有50%的人口居住在城市中（世界银行发展指标，2008）。也正是因为这个原因，经济适用房成为政策制定者的关键议题。已有许多旨在设计和建造可持续建筑的策略被提出、采纳或已被实行。此趋势也必将引发相关基础工作的开展，这些基础工作为了对经济适用房进行标准化设计、操控以及适宜性选择。基于上述内容，本论文探寻一种适用于不同地域的现有标准的系统测评方法，同时提出一个针对现有实践背景的理论。这将因此编制相关导则，，基于可持续理论对技术、建材、设备、系统以及规范的适用性将作出规定。
[Abstract]:Sustainable building is a strategy of building industry to tackle global climate change and reduce energy consumption. All kinds of research based design and construction methods and standards and practice programs are constantly emerging to meet this inevitable trend.
In order to achieve the control objectives of developed countries, the research have been compiled into the relevant standards and specifications, and application of these standards and norms have been widely to guide its construction industry. Such as LEED (USA), BREEAM (UK) and BEPAC (Canada). Chinese and Japan, Australia and other countries have issued norms and standards the sustainable building, and as an important policy or guidance documents and promotion. The rapid spread of the norms and standards of promotion especially in the application of rating single building projects.
However, this kind of phenomenon does not appear in the lack of development of countries or regions such as Garner. This kind of countries on the sustainable use of energy and cost benefit of lack of knowledge. Therefore, sustainable building design and technology is particularly important in this country. According to statistics, in Garner, materials of the construction cost about 40% of the national energy and 30%, and waste (solid and liquid waste) total accounted for 35%. of the total of all waste (source: Garner construction and Road Research Institute, 2008) this makes the building industry has become an important field of sustainable development concerns.
At the same time, the housing industry continued population growth and rapid urbanization of the city, especially have enormous impact on affordable housing construction. Data showed that Garner's population growth rate of 208%, and is expected to 2015 there will be 50% of the population living in the city (the world bank development indicators, 2008) is also. For this reason, affordable housing has become a key issue for policymakers.
Many strategies for design and construction of sustainable buildings have been put forward, adopted or implemented. This trend will also lead to the development of related basic works, which are standardized design, manipulation and suitability selection for affordable housing.
Based on the above contents, the system evaluation method of the existing standard this paper explores a suitable for different regions, and puts forward a practical background for the existing theory. It will therefore compile the relevant guidelines, theory of sustainable development of technology, building materials, equipment and systems based on the applicability of standard provisions will be made.

【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU241.91

【共引文献】