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杨凌水资源供需平衡分析

发布时间:2018-08-18 21:24
【摘要】:水是影响人类进步和社会发展的重要自然资源,是动植物生态环境系统中最活跃和影响最广泛的因素之一,地区经济发展、人民生活水平提高的基础条件。在世界水资源出现危机和我国水资源严重短缺、水资源分配不平衡、水污染不断加剧的情况下,水资源供需平衡分析显得尤为重要。杨凌作为国家的农业高新产业示范区,区内水资源短缺,,工业用水、生活用水和农业用水矛盾日益显现,加之地表水污染严重,使得该区水资源问题日益突出。 本文在总结国内外水资源供需平衡分析的理论的基础上,按照“理论基础——定性分析——定量研究——对策建议”的分析路线对杨凌水资源进行评价,在对现状2010年进行供需平衡分析的基础上遵循可持续发展原则,进行未来2020年和2030年的供需水预测分析,并提出适合当地的资源优化配置合理建议。主要取得以下成果: 1.现状年(2010年),全区总用水3338万m3,其中城镇生活用水306万m3,农村人畜用水171万m3,工业用水量为257万m3,农业灌溉总用水量2186万m3,建筑业和第三产业分别为57万m3和94万m3,生态用水量128万m3。 2.依据杨凌示范区国民经济发展态势和生态环境用水要求,今后20年内,全区国民经济需水量将呈持续增长趋势。基本方案下,在50%和75%的保证率时,2020年需水量分别为5311万m3和5430万m3,到2030年需水量分别为5492万m3和5611万m3。推荐方案下,在50%和75%的保证率时,全区需水量2020年分别为5022万m3和5141万m3,到2030年分别为5138万m3和5257万m3。 3.南部平原区虽然经济用水量快速增加,但由于“引汉济谓”和“引石过渭”工程的供水能力逾期增加幅度较大。基本方案条件下,2020水平年,两个保证率时均出现较大的供需缺口,缺水量在157-309万之间,而2030水平年可供水量完全满足蓄水要求。推荐方案条件下,两个保证率时,平原区水源工程的可供水量基本满足需水要求,仅在75%保证率时,2020水平年出现缺水,缺水量达118万,缺水率为4%。 4.根据水资源开发利用情况,结合供水工程规划,统筹协调生活、工业及农业用水,合理配置区内地表水与地下水,确定水源工程配置方案。
[Abstract]:Water is an important natural resource that affects human progress and social development. It is one of the most active and influential factors in the ecosystem of animals and plants. It is the basic condition for the development of regional economy and the improvement of people's living standard. As a national agricultural high-tech industrial demonstration area, the contradiction between water shortage, industrial water use, domestic water use and agricultural water use has become increasingly apparent in Yangling. In addition, the serious surface water pollution has made the water resources problem increasingly prominent.
On the basis of summarizing the theory of water supply and demand balance analysis at home and abroad, this paper evaluates Yangling's water resources according to the analysis route of "theoretical basis-qualitative analysis-quantitative research-countermeasures and suggestions". On the basis of analyzing the current situation of water supply and demand balance in 2010, it follows the principle of sustainable development to carry out the next 2020. And the water supply and demand forecast and analysis in 2030, and put forward reasonable suggestions for the optimal allocation of local resources.
1. In the current year (2010), the total water consumption in the whole region was 33.38 million m3, of which 3.06 million m3 was used for urban living, 1.71 million m3 for rural people and livestock, 2.57 million m3 for industrial use, 21.86 million m3 for agricultural irrigation, 570,000 m3 for construction and 940,000 m3 for tertiary industries, and 1.28 million m3 for ecological use.
2. According to the development of Yangling Demonstration Area's national economy and the requirement of eco-environmental water use, the water demand of the whole region will continue to increase in the next 20 years. Under the basic scheme, the water demand will be 53.11 million m3 in 2020 and 54.3 million m3 in 2030 at the guaranteed rate of 50% and 75%, respectively. The water demand will be 54.92 million m3 and 56.11 million m3 in 2030. Under the guaranteed rate of 50% and 75%, the water demand of the whole region will be 50.22 million m3 and 51.41 million m3 in 2020, 51.38 million m3 and 52.57 million m3 in 2030, respectively.
3. Although the economic water consumption increases rapidly in the southern plain area, the water supply capacity of the "diversion from the Han Dynasty to the Wei River" and the "diversion from the Han Dynasty to the Wei River" projects has increased greatly over time. Under the basic scheme conditions, there is a large gap between supply and demand in 2020, the water shortage is between 1.57-3.09 million, and the water supply is fully met in 2030. Under the recommended scheme, the water supply of the water source project in the plain area basically meets the water requirement under the two guaranteed rates, but only at the 75% guaranteed rate, the water shortage will occur in 2020, the water shortage will reach 1.18 million, and the water shortage rate will be 4%.
4. According to the development and utilization of water resources, combined with the water supply project planning, coordinate the use of water for living, industry and agriculture, rationally allocate the surface water and groundwater in the area, and determine the allocation scheme of water source project.
【学位授予单位】:西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2014
【分类号】:TV213.4

【参考文献】

相关期刊论文 前2条

1 冯爱芬,杨森;一类农业生产问题的多目标规划模型及解法[J];黄冈师范学院学报;2004年03期

2 沈菊琴,叶慧娜;水资源会计研究的必要性和可行性分析[J];水利经济;2005年06期



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