基于声学方法的黄河三门峡水库渔业资源空间分布研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 07:43

  本文选题：渔业资源 + 声学评估　； 参考：《大连海洋大学学报》2016年05期

【摘要】：为探讨声学方法在黄河流域生态环境研究中的适用性,于2013年11月23日使用分裂式波束科学鱼探仪(Simrad EY60,70 k Hz,挪威)对黄河三门峡水库西湾至库尾大坝间水域进行了渔业资源声学调查,并通过现场鱼类目标强度测定和回波积分方法对库区内渔业资源密度、资源现存量和空间分布进行了初步探查与估算。结果表明:此次调查库区内声学积分值(Nautical area scattering coefficient,NASC)为5.59 m2/nmi2,渔业资源密度平均为0.002 ind./m2,资源现存量为42.36 t;在鱼类资源密度空间分布统计方面,将调查区域库区分为上、中、下游3个调查区域(A、B、C区),8个积分区段,依次为A-Ⅰ、A-Ⅱ、A-Ⅲ,B-Ⅰ、B-Ⅱ,C-Ⅰ、C-Ⅱ、C-Ⅲ区段,其对应的鱼类资源密度分别为0.002、0.017、0.013 ind./m2,0.004、0.008 ind./m2,0.013、0.016、0.037 ind./m2,鱼类资源主要集中于上游的A-Ⅱ、A-Ⅲ区段及水库下游区域;对应鱼类的垂直分布,A-Ⅱ、A-Ⅲ、C-Ⅰ、C-Ⅱ区段鱼类主要分布于5 m以浅水层,A-Ⅰ、B-Ⅱ区段鱼类主要分布于10 m以浅水层,而B-Ⅰ区段鱼类均分布于5 m以深水层且数量较少,C-Ⅲ区段鱼类则主要分布于10~20 m水层;库区内鱼类目标强度(Target strength,TS)多分布于-62.5~-47.5 d B之间,且目标强度大于-44.5 d B、体长大于25 cm的个体均分布于5 m以深水层。研究表明,声学方法在淡水水库渔业资源评估中体现出良好的适用性,本研究推动了该方法在黄河流域水域生态环境研究中的应用,为今后用声学方法评估内陆河流、湖泊和水库渔业资源提供了理论基础和科学依据。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the applicability of acoustic method in the study of ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin,An acoustic survey of fishery resources in the waters between Xiwan and Kwei dams of Sanmenxia Reservoir, Yellow River, was carried out on November 23, 2013, using a split beam scientific fish prospector, Simrad EY601 70k Hz. Norway.The density of fishery resources, resource standing stock and spatial distribution in the reservoir area were preliminarily explored and estimated by the method of fish target intensity measurement and echo integration in the field.The results showed that the acoustical area scattering efficiency was 5.59m2 / nmi2, the average density of fishery resources was 0.002 ind.rm2and the standing stock of fish resources was 42.36t.In the three investigation areas of the lower reaches, there are 8 integral sections, A- 鈪，

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