云南通海蒙古族文化变迁
发布时间：2018-08-12 17:33
【摘要】： 中国有着五千年历史，文化源远流长，中华文化是汉族和各少数民族共同创造的。在漫长的历史发展进程中，不论民族大小，每个民族都创造出自己的独特的文化，各民族之间在文化上互相渗透、互相影响，汇聚形成了中华民族的灿烂文化。蒙古族是中华民族历史上伟大的民族，在我国多民族国家的历史上，蒙古族曾经建立过统一的中央王朝，在其统治的近百年时间里，各民族友好相处，团结和睦，共同创造了繁荣的多民族文化。 云南是少数民族较多的一个省份，云南各民族不仅创造了丰富的物质文明，而且创造了灿烂的精神文明，其中就有蒙古族。云南的蒙古族是随忽必烈进入云南地区的。元宪宗二年(公元1252年)元军远征大理，忽必烈大军分兵三路前进：兀良合台率西路军，忽必烈率中路军，也只烈率东路军，进攻云南地区。三路军先后进入丽江地区，并于12月15日攻下大理城，结束大理国的统治。这是历史上大量的蒙古族第一次进入云南。随着蒙古族在云南统治的建立，蒙古人通过各种渠道进入云南的就更多了。据1999年底人口统计资料，云南蒙古族人口14284人，分别散居在全省各地玉溪市为6485人，其中通海兴蒙乡蒙古族人口为5325人，占云南省蒙古族人口的37.2％。其民族构成有汉、蒙古、彝、哈尼、傣、回族等民族，其中：蒙古族5350人，占全乡总人口的96.78％。云南省通海县兴蒙蒙古族乡位于杞麓湖畔，是云南省内保留蒙古族特点较多的蒙古族聚居区。兴蒙乡的蒙古族自称为“蒙古勒”或“刚卓”，当地其他民族称其为蒙古族。从民族源流上看，云南蒙古族与北方的蒙古族是相同的。云南蒙古族人民的生活经历了从北方游牧生活到南疆农业生活的转变，在云南这块富饶的土地上，蒙古族人民逐步适应当地的生活方式，但在文化上还保持了较多蒙古族特色。本文根据云南蒙古族的文化特点从以下几个方面进行论述：首先，通过对云南蒙古族自然环境和历史状况的描述，讲述了草原民族来到红土高原的历史，并描述了云南蒙古族在这样的环境中如何保持自己文化的事实。其次，本文描绘出云南通海兴蒙乡蒙古族的宗教、风俗、婚姻、家庭等诸多方面的特征，并简单总结云南蒙古族文化变迁的特点和规律。再次，文章论述了云南蒙古族与其它少数民族的关系，通过对民族文化关系研究，得出有关文化变迁的一些特征和规律。最后，总结全篇提出文化融合是否使人类的文明最终走向衰落的疑问。 由于文化的特点要求我们对其进行研究时，必须用多种知识和多学科的研究方法来研究其本质，这样才能把握文化的实质和规律。文化变迁作为人类的一种文化现象，当然也需要这种研究方法。这是我们研究文化变迁的一个正确的途经。所以在研究方法上本文以比较研究法为基础，结合文献研究法、文化人类学等研究法来撰写，尤其是一些田野调查方法的运用，使文章客观性和综合性有所增加。总之，通过研究通海蒙古族的文化发展与变迁，对弘扬中华民族的优秀文化传统，，发展我国的民族文化事业，有着重要的现实意义。尤其在我国经济体制转型的过程中，研究云南蒙古族文化的变迁，对于我们继承和发扬中华民族的优秀文化传统，促进民族团结，具有重要的理论和现实意义。
[Abstract]:China has a history of 5,000 years, and its culture has a long history. The Chinese culture was created jointly by the Han nationality and the minority nationalities. In the long course of historical development, no matter the size of the nation, each nation has created its own unique culture. The various nationalities have infiltrated and influenced each other in culture, thus forming a splendid culture of the Chinese nation. Mongolia is a great nation in the history of the Chinese nation. In the history of the multi-ethnic country in China, the Mongolian nation once established a unified central dynasty. During the nearly 100 years of its rule, all the ethnic groups lived in friendship, unity and harmony, and jointly created a prosperous multi-ethnic culture.
Yunnan is a province with a large number of ethnic minorities. All ethnic groups in Yunnan have not only created rich material civilization, but also created brilliant spiritual civilization. Among them, Mongolians in Yunnan entered Yunnan with Kublai Khan. Lianghetai led the Western Route Army, Kublai Khan led the Middle Route Army, but also led the Eastern Route Army to attack Yunnan. The Third Route Army entered Lijiang and captured Dali City on December 15, ending the rule of Dali. This was the first time in history that a large number of Mongolians entered Yunnan. With the establishment of Mongolian rule in Yunnan, the Mongolians went through various channels. According to the population statistics at the end of 1999, the Mongolian population in Yunnan was 14 284, with 6 485 scattered in Yuxi, including 5 325 in Tonghai Xingmeng Township, accounting for 37.2% of the Mongolian population in Yunnan Province. The Xingmeng Mongolian Township in Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, is located on the Qilu Lake. It is a Mongolian inhabited area with more Mongolian characteristics in Yunnan Province. The life of the Mongolian people in Yunnan has undergone a transformation from nomadic life in the north to agricultural life in the south of Xinjiang. In this rich land of Yunnan, the Mongolian people have gradually adapted to the local way of life, but they still maintain more Mongolian characteristics in culture. The following aspects are discussed: Firstly, through describing the natural environment and historical situation of Yunnan Mongolian, the history of the grassland people coming to the laterite plateau is narrated, and the fact of how Yunnan Mongolian people maintain their own culture in such an environment is described. Secondly, this paper describes the religion and the wind of the Mongolian people in Xingmeng Township, Tonghai, Yunnan Province. Thirdly, the article discusses the relationship between Yunnan Mongols and other ethnic minorities. Through the study of the relationship between ethnic culture, we can get some characteristics and laws of cultural change. Finally, we summarize the whole article and put forward whether cultural integration is possible. The question of the ultimate decline of human civilization.
Because of the characteristics of culture, we must study its essence with a variety of knowledge and multi-disciplinary research methods, so as to grasp the essence and law of culture. Cultural change as a cultural phenomenon of mankind, of course, also needs this research method. This is a correct way for us to study cultural change. Therefore, on the basis of comparative research method, this paper combines literature research method, cultural anthropology and other research methods to write, especially the use of some field research methods, so that the objectivity and comprehensiveness of the article has increased. In short, through the study of the cultural development and changes of the Tonghai Mongolian people, to carry forward the excellent culture of the Chinese nation. It is of great practical significance to study the changes of Mongolian culture in Yunnan, especially in the process of economic restructuring, for us to inherit and carry forward the fine cultural traditions of the Chinese nation and promote national unity.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：C955;I207.9
本文编号：2179788
[Abstract]:China has a history of 5,000 years, and its culture has a long history. The Chinese culture was created jointly by the Han nationality and the minority nationalities. In the long course of historical development, no matter the size of the nation, each nation has created its own unique culture. The various nationalities have infiltrated and influenced each other in culture, thus forming a splendid culture of the Chinese nation. Mongolia is a great nation in the history of the Chinese nation. In the history of the multi-ethnic country in China, the Mongolian nation once established a unified central dynasty. During the nearly 100 years of its rule, all the ethnic groups lived in friendship, unity and harmony, and jointly created a prosperous multi-ethnic culture.
Yunnan is a province with a large number of ethnic minorities. All ethnic groups in Yunnan have not only created rich material civilization, but also created brilliant spiritual civilization. Among them, Mongolians in Yunnan entered Yunnan with Kublai Khan. Lianghetai led the Western Route Army, Kublai Khan led the Middle Route Army, but also led the Eastern Route Army to attack Yunnan. The Third Route Army entered Lijiang and captured Dali City on December 15, ending the rule of Dali. This was the first time in history that a large number of Mongolians entered Yunnan. With the establishment of Mongolian rule in Yunnan, the Mongolians went through various channels. According to the population statistics at the end of 1999, the Mongolian population in Yunnan was 14 284, with 6 485 scattered in Yuxi, including 5 325 in Tonghai Xingmeng Township, accounting for 37.2% of the Mongolian population in Yunnan Province. The Xingmeng Mongolian Township in Tonghai County, Yunnan Province, is located on the Qilu Lake. It is a Mongolian inhabited area with more Mongolian characteristics in Yunnan Province. The life of the Mongolian people in Yunnan has undergone a transformation from nomadic life in the north to agricultural life in the south of Xinjiang. In this rich land of Yunnan, the Mongolian people have gradually adapted to the local way of life, but they still maintain more Mongolian characteristics in culture. The following aspects are discussed: Firstly, through describing the natural environment and historical situation of Yunnan Mongolian, the history of the grassland people coming to the laterite plateau is narrated, and the fact of how Yunnan Mongolian people maintain their own culture in such an environment is described. Secondly, this paper describes the religion and the wind of the Mongolian people in Xingmeng Township, Tonghai, Yunnan Province. Thirdly, the article discusses the relationship between Yunnan Mongols and other ethnic minorities. Through the study of the relationship between ethnic culture, we can get some characteristics and laws of cultural change. Finally, we summarize the whole article and put forward whether cultural integration is possible. The question of the ultimate decline of human civilization.
Because of the characteristics of culture, we must study its essence with a variety of knowledge and multi-disciplinary research methods, so as to grasp the essence and law of culture. Cultural change as a cultural phenomenon of mankind, of course, also needs this research method. This is a correct way for us to study cultural change. Therefore, on the basis of comparative research method, this paper combines literature research method, cultural anthropology and other research methods to write, especially the use of some field research methods, so that the objectivity and comprehensiveness of the article has increased. In short, through the study of the cultural development and changes of the Tonghai Mongolian people, to carry forward the excellent culture of the Chinese nation. It is of great practical significance to study the changes of Mongolian culture in Yunnan, especially in the process of economic restructuring, for us to inherit and carry forward the fine cultural traditions of the Chinese nation and promote national unity.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：C955;I207.9
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 窦开龙;新疆民族旅游产品开发研究[D];兰州大学;2008年
2 王存河;宗教与西部少数民族现代化[D];兰州大学;2008年
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 常雯婕;文化交流、融合进程中民族服饰的流变[D];云南大学;2010年
2 赵金锋;散杂居地区民族传统文化的变迁与发展[D];中南民族大学;2012年
本文编号：2179788
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