“环境保持”与“环境保护”运动的伦理论争及其当代启示

发布时间：2018-01-01 03:14

本文关键词：“环境保持”与“环境保护”运动的伦理论争及其当代启示　出处：《兰州学刊》2014年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："环境保持"与"环境保护"运动是由美国的吉佛德·平肖和约翰·缪尔分别倡导的,代表了两种对立的环境伦理观。前者将环境视为资源,主张"科学管理,明智使用";后者强调保护环境,注重环境尤其是荒野环境的精神价值。"环境保持"运动沿袭传统的人类中心主义伦理观,易被认为是环境的破坏者;而"环境保护"运动承认自然物具有"内在价值",被认为是环境的保护者。实际上,"环境保护"运动看似美好,却容易产生环境正义问题,导致"富人伦理"和"西方霸权伦理"的嫌疑;而"环境保持"运动在当代是有进步意义的。文章发现,通过"以人为本"的认识论转换和伦理观的新拓展,环境保持主义可能会避免环境正义问题的发生,给弱势群体和第三世界带来尽可能多的利益。
[Abstract]:"Environmental conservation" and "environmental protection" are advocated by the United States of America's Gilford Pinshaw and John Muir, representing two opposing environmental ethics. The former regards the environment as a resource and advocates "scientific management." Use wisely "; The latter emphasizes the protection of the environment and the spiritual value of the environment, especially the wilderness environment. The movement of "environmental preservation" follows the traditional ethics of anthropocentrism and is easy to be regarded as the destroyer of the environment. The "environmental protection" movement recognizes that natural objects have "intrinsic value" and is considered to be the protector of the environment. In fact, the "environmental protection" movement seems beautiful, but it is easy to produce environmental justice problems. The suspicion of "rich man's ethics" and "western hegemonic ethics"; The movement of "environmental conservation" is of progressive significance in the contemporary era. The article finds that environmental conservationism may avoid the problem of environmental justice through the epistemological transformation of "people-oriented" and the new development of ethics. Bring as much benefit to the disadvantaged and the third world as possible.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学珠海分校;
【基金】：“北京师范大学珠海分校博士基金项目”——“生态伦理理论创新与生态文明社会建设”的阶段性成果(项目编号:201252010)
【分类号】：B82-058
【正文快照】： 美国的“环境保持”与“环境保护”运动之争源于20世纪初是否要在赫奇·赫奇峡谷修建大坝和水库。“环境保持”运动的发起人吉福德·平肖认为,自然是资源,应在“科学管理”的前提下进行“明智利用”。“环境保护”运动的倡导者约翰·缪尔反对把自然资源当做人们消费品的传统观

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