当前未成年女性犯罪原因及其矫正

发布时间：2018-05-06 00:05

本文选题：社会学习理论 + 社会化　；参考：《中国政法大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 未成年人犯罪问题一直是包括法律界在内的社会各界密切关注的问题。随着经济社会的发展,未成年人犯罪有增无减,这其中,未成年女性犯罪日益突显。犯罪主体日益低龄化,犯罪类型逐渐增多并且暴力因素增加,使得未成年女性犯罪现象更加复杂。这必然与她们所处的日益变迁的多元化环境紧密相关,从而使我们不得不对这些现象背后的种种原因产生思考。犯罪原因是犯罪学研究的核心和重点,也因此产生众多犯罪学流派。本文将运用其中社会学习理论的观点,结合犯罪心理学、社会心理学、社会学等学科有关知识,从未成年女性的生理心理、其所处的各种环境等方面对未成年女性犯罪的原因进行探析。第一章阐述当代未成年女性犯罪的特征,诸如:低龄化、多样化、暴力化等。第二章是本文的重点,将着力分析未成年女性犯罪的根本原因。首先分析未成年女性生理心理特征,为进一步分析奠定基础。继而比较犯罪学各种理论关于犯罪原因的观点,说明社会学习理论更具合理性。然后简述社会学习理论基本观点,分析该理论对于未成年女性的几个特殊之处,得出学习模仿是未成年女性犯罪产生之根本原因的结论。由于未成年人的社会化过程依赖于学习,因而本章将社会化与社会学习理论相结合,进一步分析强调未成年女性在成长过程中产生越轨犯罪行为,学习模仿所起到的决定作用。第三章根据社会学习理论和犯罪心理学的观点,分析使得未成年女性犯罪成为现实的激发因素,并将其作为与内部根本原因相对应的外部条件加以分析。其中家庭因素主要包括家庭结构完整性、家庭教育方式、经济状况等;学校因素主要包括教育目标与方式、师生关系等。由于本文研究对象为女性,因而将男性对女性犯罪的影响作为激发因素之一。另外,“贴标签”现象存在于未成年女性所处的各类环境中,对女性产生重要影响,因此本章将标签效应对未成年女性犯罪的激发作用单独作为一类加以分析。第四章作为本文的最后一部分,对有关未成年女性犯罪人的矫正和帮助工作进行简要分析陈述。本文赞成对未成年女性犯罪人实施社区矫正,有益于未成年女性的正常社会化,防止其被贴上不良标签,受到交叉感染,以及日后与社会沟通产生障碍,同时也有利于社区矫正效果的发挥。在未成年女性对象中,被判处管制和宣告缓刑者为主要部分,而被判处剥夺政治权利和被裁定假释、监外执行者则较少。监督管理和帮助教育成为社区矫正的主要内容。除了事后矫正,事前的综合预防更应成为工作重点,家庭、学校、社区都应为未成年女性健康成长创造良好环境。
[Abstract]:The problem of juvenile delinquency has been paid close attention to by all walks of life including the legal profession. With the development of economy and society, juvenile delinquency is increasing, among which underage female crime is becoming more and more prominent. As the subject of crime becomes younger, the types of crimes increase and the factors of violence increase, which makes the phenomenon of underage female crime more complicated. This is bound to be closely related to the increasingly diverse environment in which they live, thus forcing us to think about the reasons behind these phenomena. The cause of crime is the core and key point of criminology research. In this paper, the author will apply the viewpoint of social learning theory, combine the related knowledge of criminal psychology, social psychology, sociology and so on, the physiological psychology of never adult female, Its various environment and other aspects of the underage female crime reasons. The first chapter describes the characteristics of contemporary underage female crime, such as: younger age, diversification, violence and so on. The second chapter is the focus of this paper, will focus on the analysis of the underlying causes of underage female crime. Firstly, the physiological and psychological characteristics of underage women are analyzed to lay a foundation for further analysis. Then, by comparing the theories of criminology about the causes of crime, the author explains that the theory of social learning is more reasonable. Then the basic viewpoints of social learning theory are briefly introduced, and several special points of this theory for underage women are analyzed, and the conclusion that learning imitation is the root cause of juvenile female crime is concluded. Since the socialization process of minors depends on learning, this chapter combines socialization with social learning theory, and further analyzes and emphasizes the decisive role that underage women have in the process of growing up. In the third chapter, according to the theory of social learning and the viewpoint of criminal psychology, the author analyzes the motivating factors that make underage female crime become a reality, and analyzes it as the external condition corresponding to the internal and fundamental reasons. Among them, family factors mainly include family structure integrity, family education style, economic situation and so on, while school factors mainly include educational goal and mode, teacher-student relationship and so on. Since the object of this study is female, the influence of male on female crime is regarded as one of the motivating factors. In addition, the phenomenon of "labeling" exists in all kinds of environment of underage women, which has an important impact on women. Therefore, this chapter analyzes the effect of label effect on the crimes committed by underage women as a separate category. Chapter four, as the last part of this paper, gives a brief analysis of the correction and help work of minor female offenders. This paper is in favor of community correction for minor female offenders, which is beneficial to the normal socialization of minor women, to prevent them from being labelled badly, to be cross-infected, and to create obstacles to communication with the society in the future. At the same time is also conducive to community correction effect play. Among the female minors, those sentenced to supervision and probation are the main part, while those who are deprived of their political rights and released on parole, and those who are executed out of prison are relatively few. Supervision and management and helping education become the main content of community correction. In addition to correction after the event, comprehensive prevention in advance should become the focus of work. Families, schools and communities should create a good environment for the healthy growth of underage women.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D917

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