新中国初期对苏联新闻政策的借鉴及其影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 11:21

本文关键词： 新中国初期苏联新闻政策借鉴影响　出处：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新中国初期,我国实行向苏联的“一边倒”,一个普遍的口号是,“苏联的今天就是我们的明天”。新闻界反复宣传学习苏联的新闻政策及新闻工作经验,期间不断有人访问苏联,学习取经。苏联是世界上第一个社会主义国家,对于新中国在建设社会主义新闻体系方面有着不少可供学习和借鉴的经验。新中国成立之初,学习苏联的新闻经验,不是一种随心所欲的决策,而是当时所处的国际环境迫使我们不得不向苏联新闻界学习。再者,中国新闻界之所以学习和借鉴苏联新闻界的理论和经验,是因为苏联共产党的党报思想指导着中国共产党新闻事业的建立,学习的成果也是显著的。我国借鉴苏联新闻政策后的表现首先是确立新闻工作方针,组新中国家通讯社,创立人民广播台等等;在借鉴苏联报刊业务方面,重视读者来信,改进新闻报道,整顿报纸编辑部,为建设社会主义新闻政策打下了坚实的基础。然而在报刊和广播方面,由于对苏联工作经验盲目崇拜和生搬硬套,脱离了中国实际,也出现了一些不良表现。随着对苏联新闻政策的借鉴,中共不断地改造私营报纸,私营报纸的活动空间日趋狭小,以致退出了历史舞台;在新闻宣传上出现了“舆论一律”,主要体现在新闻制度和思想文化宣传两个方面。另外,苏联的新闻经验在很大程度上成为建设中国新闻事业的指导思想和理论基础,通过全面学习和借鉴苏联的新闻工作经验,推进我国新闻业务的建设,提高我国新闻工作者的业务水平,壮大新闻工作者的队伍,也为我国的新闻教育培养了大批人才,促进新闻教育体系的发展。
[Abstract]:In the early days of New China, our country was "one-sided" to the Soviet Union, and a common slogan was, "Today is our tomorrow in the Soviet Union". The press repeatedly publicized and studied the news policies and experience of the Soviet Union, and during that time there were frequent visits to the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union, the first socialist country in the world, has many lessons to learn from and learn from in the construction of the socialist news system in New China. At the beginning of the founding of New China, it learned from the news experience of the Soviet Union. It was not an arbitrary decision, but the international environment that forced us to learn from the Soviet press. Moreover, the Chinese press learned and learned from the theory and experience of the Soviet press. This is because the party newspaper thought of the Communist Party of Soviet Union has guided the establishment of the news cause of the Communist Party of China, and the results of study have also been remarkable. The performance of our country after drawing lessons from the Soviet Union's news policy was first to establish a news work policy and set up a new Chinese news agency. The founding of the people's Broadcasting Station and so on; in drawing lessons from the Soviet press business, attention was paid to letters from readers, news reports were improved, and the editorial departments of newspapers were rectified, thus laying a solid foundation for the construction of socialist news policies. However, in the area of newspapers and broadcasting, As a result of blindly worshiping and imitating the Soviet Union's work experience, it has deviated from the reality of China, and there have also been some undesirable performances. With the reference to the Soviet Union's news policy, the Communist Party of China has constantly reformed the private newspapers, and the space for private newspapers has become increasingly narrow. As a result, he withdrew from the historical stage and appeared "uniform public opinion" in news propaganda, mainly in the two aspects of the news system and ideological and cultural propaganda. In addition, To a large extent, the news experience of the Soviet Union has become the guiding ideology and theoretical basis for the construction of Chinese journalism. To improve the professional level of Chinese journalists and strengthen the ranks of journalists, it has also trained a large number of talents for the journalism education of our country, and promoted the development of the journalism education system.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D822.351.2

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