理解中国崛起:走出“修正——现状”二分法的迷思

发布时间：2018-05-11 03:26

本文选题：修正主义 + 中国崛起　；参考：《外交评论(外交学院学报)》2017年05期

【摘要】：伴随中国的持续崛起,修正主义—维持现状二分法成为学术研究和政策讨论的常见工具,但是,既有研究通常将其视为自然而然的一对概念,较少对其本身进行全面的审视。植根于现实主义传统的修正主义—维持现状二分法在理论阐述和操作化层面,都存在诸多固有缺陷和内在问题。对现状范围和修正对象的模糊定义,往往导致研究对象的混淆和国家意图的误判。关于主导大国的现状假定也造成研究视角的偏狭和疏漏。国家行为与意图间的非线性关系更让行为与属性间的直接因果推理问题重重。在这些理论和实证缺陷的背后,同时暗含着规范维度的深层问题,不对等的道德标签往往伴随着这一二分法的判定和讨论。当前中国与外部世界的关系和互动进一步彰显了修正主义—维持现状二分法的局限性。对中国在南海行为、创设亚投行、坚持国家主权规范等三则事例的讨论显示,这一二分法并非描述和解释相关重要问题的有效视角,扬弃这一二分法、迈向新的话语势在必行。研究者应在保留核心研究关切的同时,避免重蹈覆辙,更加中肯地理解中国外交、大国关系及国际秩序的演进。
[Abstract]:With the continuous rise of China, revisionist-status quo dichotomy has become a common tool for academic research and policy discussion. The revisionism-maintenance status quo dichotomy, which is rooted in the traditional realism, has many inherent defects and internal problems at the theoretical and operational levels. The fuzzy definition of the scope of the status quo and the modified object often leads to the confusion of the object of study and the misjudgment of the intention of the state. The assumption of the status quo of the dominant power also leads to the intolerance and omission of the research perspective. The nonlinear relationship between state behavior and intention makes the direct causal reasoning between behavior and attribute more problematic. Behind these theoretical and empirical defects, there is a deep problem in the normative dimension, and the unequal moral label is often accompanied by the dichotomy of the judgment and discussion. The current relationship and interaction between China and the outside world further demonstrates the limitations of revisionist-status quo dichotomy. The discussion on China's behavior in the South China Sea, the creation of the AIIB and the adherence to the national sovereignty norms show that this dichotomy is not an effective angle of view to describe and explain relevant important issues, so it is imperative to sublate the dichotomy and move towards a new discourse. While retaining the core research concerns, researchers should avoid repeating the mistakes and understand the evolution of China's diplomacy, relations among big powers and the international order in a more pertinent way.
【作者单位】：加拿大多伦多大学政治学系;
【分类号】：D61

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