《日美核能合作协议》及其对日本核能发展的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 17:03

本文选题：《日美核能合作协议》 + 核能合作　；参考：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：早在1943年5月,即美国“曼哈顿计划”开始一年后,日本就已开始核武研发。美国单独占领日本后,占领当局一度禁止日本染指核能研发。冷战的爆发使得美国政府逐渐放松了对日本核能研发的禁令,两国于1955年签订《日美核能合作协议》,在确保美国对日本核能研发利用有效控制的基础上,为日本核能发展提供援助。《日美核能合作协议》经过三次正式缔结和两次修订,迄今仍是指导美日核能合作的最高法律文件。美国通过协议确保日本处于美国推行的核不扩散体系之下,服务于美国的对外战略目标。日本则通过双边协议,打破核能发展的国内外政治限制以及摆脱技术落后、物质不足的影响,不断提升本国的核能研发利用能力和发展自主性。考察不同时期《日美核能合作协议》签署的背景、解读协议的主要内容、分析协议对日本核能发展的影响,既可以呈现战后日美核能合作关系的全貌,借此透视战后日美同盟关系的发展演变;也有助于以《日美核能合作协议》为个案,探讨国际双边核能合作内容和机制的发展演变。论文正文共分四个部分。第一部分通过考察1955年《日美核能合作协议》签署的背景,分析基于浓缩铀供给下的日美不平等关系,探讨其对日本核能发展的奠基作用。第二部分主要考察20世纪60年代国际力量分化、法国与中国核武器实验成功的背景下,美国为推进核不扩散体制的建立,对日本让步,确立“共同决定制”为核心的日美核能合作新机制,分析该机制对日本核能自主性提升的作用。第三部分以1988年《日美核能合作协议》的形成背景和主要变化为研究重点,分析在日本核能产业发展、国际核电市场转移和美国核不扩散政策调整的背景下,“一揽子同意制”的确立及其对日本核电产业发展的推动作用。第四部分探讨在9.11恐怖袭击和日本福岛核事故影响下,日美核能合作领域向核安保和核安全领域的扩展情况,预测2018年将迎来期满的《日美核能合作协议》的新走向和日本核能发展的未来。
[Abstract]:As early as May 1943, a year after the start of the Manhattan Project, Japan began nuclear weapons development. After the United States occupied Japan alone, the occupation authorities once banned Japan from nuclear research and development. With the outbreak of the cold war, the US government gradually relaxed its ban on Japanese nuclear energy research and development. In 1955, the two countries signed the Japanese-US Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement, which, on the basis of ensuring the United States' effective control over Japan's nuclear energy research and development, After three formal agreements and two revisions, the agreement is still the highest legal document governing the cooperation between the United States and Japan. The United States has agreed to ensure that Japan is under the nuclear non-proliferation regime pursued by the United States and serves its foreign strategic objectives. Through bilateral agreements, Japan breaks the political restrictions on the development of nuclear energy at home and abroad, gets rid of the influence of technological backwardness and lack of material, and continuously enhances its nuclear energy R & D and development autonomy. By examining the background of the signing of the Japanese-US Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement in different periods, interpreting the main contents of the agreement, and analyzing the impact of the agreement on the development of nuclear energy in Japan, we can not only present a comprehensive picture of Japanese-US nuclear energy cooperation relations after the war. It is also helpful to discuss the development and evolution of the content and mechanism of international bilateral nuclear energy cooperation, taking the Japan-US Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement as a case study. The text of the paper is divided into four parts. The first part analyzes the unequal relationship between Japan and the United States on the basis of enriched uranium supply by examining the background of the signing of the 1955 Japanese-US Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement and discusses its fundamental role in the development of nuclear energy in Japan. The second part mainly examines the division of international power in the 1960s. Under the background of successful nuclear weapons tests between France and China, the United States has made concessions to Japan in order to promote the establishment of the nuclear non-proliferation regime. This paper establishes a new mechanism of Japan-US nuclear energy cooperation with "common decision system" as the core, and analyzes the effect of this mechanism on the improvement of Japan's nuclear power autonomy. The third part focuses on the background and main changes of the 1988 Japanese-US Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement, and analyzes the background of the development of Japan's nuclear energy industry, the transfer of the international nuclear power market and the adjustment of the US nuclear non-proliferation policy. The establishment of the "package consent system" and its role in promoting the development of Japan's nuclear power industry. The fourth part discusses the expansion of Japan-US nuclear energy cooperation to nuclear security and nuclear safety under the influence of the September 11 terrorist attacks and the Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan. It is predicted that 2018 will usher in the new direction of the Japanese-US Nuclear Energy Cooperation Agreement and the future of Japan's nuclear energy development.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D815.2

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