六朝桂阳郡的白银采掘与使用——以郴州晋简为中心

发布时间：2018-04-14 23:30

本文选题：郴州晋简 + 六朝　；参考：《求索》2017年04期

【摘要】：据郴州晋简所见,六朝桂阳郡存在大量白银采铸与使用的情况。该郡的白银采掘可能是以深度地下井巷采掘为主,迥然不同于邻郡始兴郡银矿的以露采或浅地层的群井采掘为主。由于桂阳郡采银方式更耗费人力物力,也更危险,因此该郡产银情况很少见诸史籍。桂阳郡辖下存在着大量的采银夫与冶民,他们被纳入到国家设置的银屯中从事专门的白银采铸工作,不同于一般的普通民户。同时,六朝国家还建立了由卫尉或少府(中央)统辖、通过银冶令或丞(郡级)下设银屯署(县乡)对辖区内银屯所管银坊罡中的采银夫与冶民进行管控的白银矿冶事务垂直管理体系,以保证国家对白银采铸的绝对控制。又由于汉末战乱导致新莽以来所采用的称量单位值的模糊不清,西晋统治时间较短、控制力有限,加之桂阳郡作为产银大郡有大量白银存在于流通领域的经济影响,以及六朝国家与桂阳官吏为了扩大对民众的盘剥而表现出来的暧昧态度,使得桂阳郡的基层社会中长期存在着西汉称量单位与新莽以来称量单位同时并行的现象。
[Abstract]:According to Chenzhou Jin Bamboo slips, there were a lot of silver mining and usage in Guoyang County in the six dynasties.The silver mining in this county may be based on deep underground mining, which is very different from that of the silver mine in Shixing county, which is mainly open-pit mining or group mining in shallow strata.Because silver mining in Guiyang County is more costly and dangerous, it is rare to produce silver in this county.There are a large number of silver miners and people in Guiyang County. They are included in the Yintun set up by the state to engage in special silver mining and casting work, which is different from ordinary people's households.At the same time, the six dynasties also established the jurisdiction of Wei Wei or the Shao Prefecture (Central Committee).In order to ensure the absolute control of silver mining and casting, the silver mining and metallurgical affairs vertical management system is set up under silver smelter or county (county and township) under silver smelter or county (county and township) to control the silver miners and the people in Yinfang Gang in Yintun area in order to ensure the absolute control of silver mining and casting by the state.Because of the fuzziness of the weighing unit value adopted since the late Han Dynasty war, the short period of the Western Jin Dynasty rule, the limited control power, and the economic influence of the large amount of silver in the circulation field of Guiyang County as a big county of silver production,And the ambiguous attitude of the six dynasties and Gui Yang officials in order to expand the exploitation of the people made the grass-roots society of Guiyang county have the phenomenon that the weighing unit of the Western Han Dynasty and the weighing unit of the New Mang Dynasty existed simultaneously for a long time.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史地理研究中心;
【基金】：浙江省哲学社会科学重点研究基地浙江历史文化研究中心重点课题(15JDLS01Z) 浙江省社科联研究课题(2017N35)
【分类号】：F429;K877.5

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