殷商时期高分辨率的生态环境重建
发布时间:2018-05-14 17:02
本文选题:刘家庄北地 + 殷墟 ; 参考:《南方文物》2016年02期
【摘要】:自然环境及其演变不仅对于塑造文化的区域特色起着重要的作用,而且深刻地影响了文化的进程。商代是中国历史上的第二个重要朝代,生态环境对其形成和发展起着重要的作用。通过对安阳殷墟刘家庄北地出土的大于4mm的12979块木炭样品进行鉴定,这些木炭分别属于18种木本植物,其中落叶的栎属出土概率最高,表明落叶的栎属是当地的优势种,对群落环境起主要作用。通过对鉴定出的木炭树种进行共存因子法分析,结果表明,商代晚期年均温(MAT)为7.4℃~15.9℃,年降水量(AP)为620~1200毫米,湿润指数(IM)为-14.2~52.6。对树种的生态特性和共存因子法分析表明,商代晚期气候与现今并没有明显的不同。通过对遗址出土的大块木炭进行树轮年代学研究,重建了商代晚期的降水量,结果表明商代晚期气候是波动的,既有干旱时期,又有湿润时期。商代晚期后段气候不是干旱,反而降雨量更大。重建结果与考古学研究结果大体相同,指示水患有可能是商都毁弃的一个重要原因。该研究为重建殷商时期的生态环境提供了契机,为探求"自盘庚徙殷至纣之灭,二百七十三年更不徙都"的原因以及周武王时,周起兵攻商,商王朝就此灭亡的原因,提供了高分辨率的环境背景信息。
[Abstract]:The natural environment and its evolution not only play an important role in shaping the regional characteristics of culture, but also profoundly affect the process of culture. Shang Dynasty is the second important dynasty in Chinese history, and ecological environment plays an important role in its formation and development. Based on the identification of 12979 charcoal samples unearthed in the northern part of Liujiazhuang, Anyang, which belong to 18 species of woody plants, the deciduous Quercus has the highest unearthed probability, indicating that the deciduous Quercus is the dominant species in the area. Play a major role in the community environment. The coexisting factor method was used to analyze the identified charcoal species. The results showed that the annual mean temperature was 7.4 鈩,
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